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Chemical Engineering Index, CE: composed of 4 major components – for equipment and other bulk items, the others relevant to construction labor, buildings, and engineering and supervision – the index is employed primary as a process plant construction index, was established using a base period of 1957-1959 as 100. The CE Index is updated ...
It is widely used in industrial engineering to calculate the capital and operating costs of a plant. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ] The factors were introduced by H. J. Lang and Dr Micheal Bird in Chemical Engineering magazine in 1947 as a method for estimating the total installation cost for plants and equipment.
LibreOffice Calc is the spreadsheet component of the LibreOffice software package. [5] [6]After forking from OpenOffice.org in 2010, LibreOffice Calc underwent a massive re-work of external reference handling to fix many defects in formula calculations involving external references, and to boost data caching performance, especially when referencing large data ranges.
1982, Multiplan for CP/M operating system, later becoming Microsoft Excel, launched Aug 1982. 1983, Lotus 1-2-3 for MS-DOS, the first killer application for the IBM PC, it took the market from Visicalc in the early 1980s. 1983, Dynacalc for OS-9 a Unix-like operating system, similar to VisiCalc. [11]
This is different from uniform application, and can be used to save money (using less product), and lessen the environmental impact. [2] GreenSeeker RT200 (Variable Rate Application and Mapping System) [3] Variable rate application can be either map based or sensor based.
The term 'interest rate' used above is an approximation for the economist's discount rate (see below) . It is not the inflation rate or the bank rate but the latter are parts of it. The discount factors (DF) of 0.9091,0.8264, etc. are generated from the 'compound interest' formula: DF = 1/ (1+ r) n. where r is the discount rate
This is related to an activity rate which is a similar calculation used in activity-based costing. A pre-determined overhead rate is normally the term when using a single, plant-wide base to calculate and apply overhead. Overhead is then applied by multiplying the pre-determined overhead rate by the actual driver units. Any difference between ...
Process capability is the ability of a process to produce output within specified limits. [1] To help determine whether a manufacturing or business process is in a state of statistical control, process engineers use control charts, which help to predict the future performance of the process based on the current process.