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The German wasp is about 13 mm (0.5 in) long, has a mass of 74.1 ± 9.6 mg, [2] and has typical wasp colours of black and yellow. It is very similar to the common wasp (V. vulgaris), but unlike the common wasp, has three tiny black dots on the clypeus. To further complicate the issue this only applies to workers.
The length of P. fuscatus often ranges between 15 and 21 mm (0.59 and 0.83 in). [8] The fore wing length ranges between 11.5 and 17.0 mm (0.45 and 0.67 in); in general, the fore wing of males is above 13.0 mm (0.51 in), whereas females have a fore wing length above 11.0 mm (0.43 in). [9]
However, when P. pacificus live in regions with a defined dry season, the dry season is the non-nesting phase of the colony cycle. [10] During this period, wasps leave the low elevation habitats in which they normally nest and reproduce during the rainy season, and move to cooler areas at higher elevation.
Wasp season is typically between March and November but the bugs are especially active now after a mild winter and spring. “This is a really big year for wasps,” said Lynn Kimsey, director of ...
The European paper wasp (Polistes dominula) is one of the most common and well-known species of social wasps in the genus Polistes.Its diet is more diverse than those of most Polistes species—many genera of insects versus mainly caterpillars in other Polistes—giving it superior survivability compared to other wasp species during a shortage of resources.
In Polistes exclamans, equal sex ratio is obtained when only 46.3% of investment is devoted to females as female wasps are 1.16 times larger than male wasps. [16] In a study done by Strassmann, it was found that sexual investment is female biased, especially during years of high predation and when nests are generally less successful. [ 16 ]
The nest was around 114.3 centimetres (45.0 in) in diameter at its widest point and had over 50 combs in the trunk section alone. While most social wasps have annual nests, many instances of multiple-season V. squamosa nests have been found, especially in the southern coastal areas of the species' range. [3]
New queens and males (drones) are produced towards the end of the summer, and after mating, the queens hibernate over winter in cracks or other sheltered locations. The nests of most species are constructed out of mud, but polistines and vespines use plant fibers, chewed to form a sort of paper (also true of some stenogastrines).