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  2. Cross-correlation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cross-correlation

    Visual comparison of convolution, cross-correlation and autocorrelation.For the operations involving function f, and assuming the height of f is 1.0, the value of the result at 5 different points is indicated by the shaded area below each point.

  3. Convergent beam electron diffraction - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Convergent_beam_electron...

    CBED was first introduced in 1939 by Kossel and Möllenstedt. [1] The development of the Field Emission Gun (FEG) in the 1970s, [2] the Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy (STEM), energy filtering devices and so on, made possible smaller probe diameters and larger convergence angles, and all this made CBED more popular.

  4. Linear code - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linear_code

    Hadamard code is a [,,] linear code and is capable of correcting many errors. Hadamard code could be constructed column by column : the column is the bits of the binary representation of integer , as shown in the following example.

  5. 1 + 2 + 3 + 4 + ⋯ - ⋯ - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1_%2B_2_%2B_3_%2B_4_%2B_%E...

    The nth partial sum is given by a simple formula: = = (+). This equation was known to the Pythagoreans as early as the sixth century BCE. [5] Numbers of this form are called triangular numbers, because they can be arranged as an equilateral triangle.

  6. Substitution reaction - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Substitution_reaction

    A substitution reaction (also known as single displacement reaction or single substitution reaction) is a chemical reaction during which one functional group in a chemical compound is replaced by another functional group. [1]

  7. Lenz's law - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lenz's_law

    Lenz's law states that: The current induced in a circuit due to a change in a magnetic field is directed to oppose the change in flux and to exert a mechanical force which opposes the motion.

  8. Simply connected space - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simply_connected_space

    In topology, a topological space is called simply connected (or 1-connected, or 1-simply connected [1]) if it is path-connected and every path between two points can be continuously transformed into any other such path while preserving the two endpoints in question.

  9. Wheeler's delayed-choice experiment - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wheeler's_delayed-choice...

    Wheeler's cosmic interferometer uses a distant quasar with two paths to equipment on Earth, one direct and one by gravitational lensing. After [2]. In an attempt to avoid destroying normal ideas of cause and effect, some theoreticians [who?] suggested that information about whether there was or was not a second beam-splitter installed could somehow be transmitted from the end point of the ...