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  2. Genetic distance - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genetic_distance

    The euclidean distance formula is used to convey, as simply as possible, the genetic dissimilarity between populations, with a larger distance indicating greater dissimilarity. [32] As seen in figure 6, this method can be visualized in a graphical manner, this is due to the work of René Descartes who created the fundamental principle of ...

  3. Fixation index - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fixation_index

    The fixation index (F ST) is a measure of population differentiation due to genetic structure. It is frequently estimated from genetic polymorphism data, such as single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) or microsatellites. Developed as a special case of Wright's F-statistics, it is one of the most commonly used statistics in population genetics ...

  4. F-statistics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/F-statistics

    The concept of F-statistics was developed during the 1920s by the American geneticist Sewall Wright, [1] [2] who was interested in inbreeding in cattle. However, because complete dominance causes the phenotypes of homozygote dominants and heterozygotes to be the same, it was not until the advent of molecular genetics from the 1960s onwards that ...

  5. Mantel test - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mantel_test

    The test is commonly used in ecology, where the data are usually estimates of the "distance" between objects such as species of organisms. For example, one matrix might contain estimates of the genetic distances (i.e., the amount of difference between two different genomes) between all possible pairs of species in the study, obtained by the methods of molecular systematics; while the other ...

  6. Genetic map function - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genetic_map_function

    Where d is the distance in map units, the Morgan Mapping Function states that the recombination frequency r can be expressed as =.This assumes that one crossover occurs, at most, in an interval between two loci, and that the probability of the occurrence of this crossover is proportional to the map length of the interval.

  7. Distance matrices in phylogeny - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Distance_matrices_in_phylogeny

    The distance matrix can come from a number of different sources, including measured distance (for example from immunological studies) or morphometric analysis, various pairwise distance formulae (such as euclidean distance) applied to discrete morphological characters, or genetic distance from sequence, restriction fragment, or allozyme data.

  8. Statistical distance - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Statistical_distance

    A metric on a set X is a function (called the distance function or simply distance) d : X × X → R + (where R + is the set of non-negative real numbers). For all x, y, z in X, this function is required to satisfy the following conditions: d(x, y) ≥ 0 (non-negativity) d(x, y) = 0 if and only if x = y (identity of indiscernibles.

  9. Centimorgan - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Centimorgan

    In genetics, a centimorgan (abbreviated cM) or map unit (m.u.) is a unit for measuring genetic linkage. It is defined as the distance between chromosome positions (also termed loci or markers) for which the expected average number of intervening chromosomal crossovers in a single generation is 0.01. It is often used to infer distance along a ...