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Asha (/ ˈ ʌ ʃ ə /) or arta (/ ˈ ɑːr t ə /; Avestan: 𐬀𐬴𐬀 Aṣ̌a / Arta) is a Zoroastrian concept with a complex and highly nuanced range of meaning. It is commonly summarized in accord with its contextual implications of 'truth' and 'right' (or 'righteousness'), 'order' and 'right working'.
Zoroastrian doctrine holds that, within this cosmic dichotomy, human beings have the choice between Asha (truth, cosmic order), the principle of righteousness or "rightness" that is promoted and embodied by Ahura Mazda, and Druj (falsehood, deceit), the essential nature of Angra Mainyu that expresses itself as greed, wrath, and envy. [11]
R. C. Zaehner (1972) [1] [2] Robert Charles Zaehner (8 April 1913 – 24 November 1974) was a British academic whose field of study was Eastern religions.He understood the original languages of various sacred texts, including Sanskrit, Pali, and Arabic.
Zoroastrian or Iranian cosmology refers to the origins and structure (cosmography) of the cosmos in Zoroastrianism. Zoroastrian literature describing cosmographical beliefs include the Avesta (especially in its description of Avestan geography) and, in later Middle Persian literature, texts including the Bundahishn, Denkard, and the Wizidagiha-i Zadspram.
[15] [6] The basis of this theory is primarily proposed on linguistic similarities between the Old Avestan language of the Zoroastrian Gathas and the Sanskrit of the Rigveda (c. 1700 –1100 BC), a collection of early Vedic hymns. Both texts are considered to have a common archaic Indo-Iranian origin.
The Mēnōg-ī Khrad (ˈmeːnoːgiː xrad) or Spirit of Wisdom is one of the most important secondary texts in Zoroastrianism written in Middle Persian.. Also transcribed in Pazend as Minuy-e X(e/a)rad and in New Persian Minu-ye Xeræd, the text is a Zoroastrian Pahlavi book in sixty-three chapters (a preamble and sixty-two questions and answers), in which a symbolic character called Dānāg ...
In the Zoroastrian calendar, the sixteenth day of the month and the seventh month of the year are dedicated to and are under the protection of Mithra. The Iranian civil calendar of 1925 adopted Zoroastrian month-names, and as such also has the seventh month of the year named "Mihr". The position of the sixteenth day and seventh month reflects ...
Other key principles of Zoroaster's teachings included the search for truth, selfless love of others, respect for nature, and moral courage. Baha'is believe that the original Zoroastrian religion was essentially monotheist, with the "evil principle" of Angra Mainyu representing an impersonal, natural force. Baha'is believe the theological ...