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Macedonia (/ ˌ m æ s ɪ ˈ d oʊ n i ə / ⓘ MASS-ih-DOH-nee-ə; Greek: Μακεδονία, Makedonía), also called Macedon (/ ˈ m æ s ɪ d ɒ n / MASS-ih-don), was an ancient kingdom on the periphery of Archaic and Classical Greece, [6] which later became the dominant state of Hellenistic Greece. [7]
Macedonia, also called Macedon, was ruled continuously by kings from its inception around the middle of the seventh century BC until its conquest by the Roman Republic in 168 BC. Kingship in Macedonia, its earliest attested political institution, was hereditary, exclusively male, and characterized by dynastic politics. [2] [3] [4]
The Kingdom of Macedonia (in dark orange) in c. 336 BC, at the end of the reign of Philip II of Macedon; other territories include Macedonian dependent states (light orange), the Molossians of Epirus (light red), Thessaly (desert sand color), the allied League of Corinth (yellow), neutral states of Sparta and Crete, and the western territories of the Achaemenid Empire in Anatolia (violet purple).
From 314 to 310, Cassander campaigned to the west and north, for a time extending Macedonian power as far as Apollonia and Epidamus, but was driven out by local rulers like Glaucius; his rule in Macedonia remained firm as he resettled defeated enemies in the tradition of Phillip II and fostered trade in the regions around his new cities.
Antipater (/ æ n ˈ t ɪ p ə t ər /; Ancient Greek: Ἀντίπατρος, romanized: Antipatros, lit. 'like the father'; c. 400 BC [3] – 319 BC) was a Macedonian general, regent and statesman under the successive kingships of Philip II of Macedon and his son, Alexander the Great.
Founded by Antigonus I Monophthalmus, a general and successor of Alexander the Great, the dynasty first came to power after the Battle of Salamis in 306 BC and ruled much of Hellenistic Greece from 294 until their defeat at the Battle of Pydna in 168 BC (Third Macedonian War), after which Macedon came under the control of the Roman Republic.
Philip II of Macedon [2] (Ancient Greek: Φίλιππος Philippos; 382 BC – October 336 BC) was the king of the ancient kingdom of Macedonia from 359 BC until his death in 336 BC. [3] He was a member of the Argead dynasty , founders of the ancient kingdom, and the father of Alexander the Great .
Arrhidaeus (Greek: Ἀρριδαῖoς) was a ruler or ancient noble of some sort who is mentioned as a "king of Macedonia" by the writer and philosopher Porphyry. [1]In the line of kings of Macedonia it is unclear who exactly ruled between the death of Sosthenes of Macedon and the accession of Antigonus II Gonatas in the early 3rd century BCE, around 279 to 277, a time sometimes described as ...