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  2. Capacitance probe - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capacitance_probe

    The configuration is like the neutron probe where an access tube made of PVC is installed in the soil; probes can also be modular (comb-like) and connected to a logger. The sensing head consists of an oscillator circuit, the frequency is determined by an annular electrode, fringe-effect capacitor, and the dielectric constant of the soil. Each ...

  3. TDR moisture sensor - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TDR_moisture_sensor

    A TDR waveguide with exposed wires. In the waveform analysis a sensor (usually a probe) is placed in the material to be tested. The sensor contains a waveguide consisting of two, three, or more parallel wires which is connected via a coaxial cable to a voltage pulse generator which sends precisely defined voltage pulses into the sensor.

  4. Tensiometer (soil science) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tensiometer_(soil_science)

    Electronic tensiometer probe: (1) porous cup; (2) water-filled tube; (3) sensor-head; (4) pressure sensor. A tensiometer in soil science is a measuring instrument used to determine the matric water potential (soil moisture tension) in the vadose zone.

  5. Frequency domain sensor - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frequency_domain_sensor

    Capacitance probe, or fringe capacitance sensor.Capacitance probes use capacitance to measure the dielectric permittivity of the soil. The volume of water in the total volume of soil most heavily influences the dielectric permittivity of the soil because the dielectric constant of water (80) is much greater than the other constituents of the soil (mineral soil: 4, organic matter: 4, air: 1).

  6. Soil moisture sensor - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soil_moisture_sensor

    A simple soil moisture sensor for gardeners. Soil moisture sensors measure the volumetric water content in soil. [1] Since the direct gravimetric measurement of free soil moisture requires removing, drying, and weighing of a sample, soil moisture sensors measure the volumetric water content indirectly by using some other property of the soil, such as electrical resistance, dielectric constant ...

  7. Geotechnical investigation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geotechnical_investigation

    A USBR soil scientist advances a Giddings Probe direct push soil sampler.. Geotechnical investigations are performed by geotechnical engineers or engineering geologists to obtain information on the physical properties of soil earthworks and foundations for proposed structures and for repair of distress to earthworks and structures caused by subsurface conditions; this type of investigation is ...

  8. Neutron probe - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neutron_probe

    A neutron probe is a device used to measure the quantity of water present in soil. A typical neutron probe contains a pellet of americium-241 and beryllium . The alpha particles emitted by the decay of the americium collide with the light beryllium nuclei, producing fast neutrons .

  9. Cone penetration test - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cone_penetration_test

    A CPT truck operated by the USGS. Symbol used in drawings Simplified version of a cone penetrometer.. The cone penetration or cone penetrometer test (CPT) is a method used to determine the geotechnical engineering properties of soils and delineating soil stratigraphy.

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