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Figure 1: An ideal current source, I, driving a resistor, R, and creating a voltage V. A current source is an electronic circuit that delivers or absorbs an electric current which is independent of the voltage across it. A current source is the dual of a voltage source. The term current sink is sometimes used for sources fed from a negative ...
Figure 3: A current amplifier (gray box) driven by a Norton source (i S, R S) and with a resistor load R L. Current divider in blue box at input (R S, R in) reduces the current gain, as does the current divider in green box at the output (R out,R L) The gain of an amplifier generally depends on its source and load terminations.
Illustration of the "reference directions" of the current (), voltage (), and power () variables used in the passive sign convention.If positive current is defined as flowing into the device terminal which is defined to be positive voltage, then positive power (big arrow) given by the equation = represents electric power flowing into the device, and negative power represents power flowing out.
A dependent source is a current source or voltage source that depends on the voltage or current of another element in the circuit. When a dependent source is contained within an essential mesh, the dependent source should be treated like an independent source. After the mesh equation is formed, a dependent source equation is needed.
In direct-current circuit theory, Norton's theorem, also called the Mayer–Norton theorem, is a simplification that can be applied to networks made of linear time-invariant resistances, voltage sources, and current sources. At a pair of terminals of the network, it can be replaced by a current source and a single resistor in parallel.
A branch that is already a current source is simply not converted. In the expression above, this is equivalent to replacing the / term in the numerator of the expression above with the current of the current generator, where the kth branch is the branch with the current generator. The parallel conductance of the current source is added to the ...
A Widlar current source is a modification of the basic two-transistor current ... Circuit output resistance R O vs. DC output current I C2 using the design formula of ...
In this case, the voltage refers to the voltage across a biological membrane, a membrane potential, and the current is the flow of charged ions through channels in this membrane. The current is determined by the conductances of these channels. In the case of ionic current across biological membranes, currents are measured from inside to outside.