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The First Madagascar expedition was the beginning of the Franco-Hova War and consisted of a French military expedition against the Merina Kingdom on the island of ...
Madagascar was at the time an independent country, ruled from the capital of Antananarivo by the Merina dynasty from the central highlands. [1] The French invasion was triggered by the refusal of Queen Ranavalona III to accept a protectorate treaty from France, [2] despite the signature of the Franco-Hova Treaty of 1885 following the First Madagascar expedition. [3]
Colony of Madagascar and Dependencies, 1930. In 1882, the French Third Republic established a protectorate over the Merina Kingdom on the island of Madagascar, with the consent of the United Kingdom. The French position on the island was solidified by the First Madagascar expedition (May 1883 to December 1885, the first phase of the Franco-Hova ...
Léon Frédéric Hubert Metzinger (November 9, 1842 – July 4, 1914) was a French general. He distinguished himself in Tonkin in 1886 and during the Franco-Hova Wars, in which he was a commander.
France invaded Madagascar in 1883, in what became known as the first Franco-Hova War, seeking to restore the cancelled concessions. With the signing of the Treaty of Tamatave in January 1886, the war ceased. Madagascar ceded Antsiranana (Diego-Suarez) on the northern coast to France and paid a hefty fine of 10 million francs.
The Borobudur Ship Expedition in 2003–2004 affirmed scholars' ideas that ships from ancient Indonesia could have reached Madagascar and the west African coast for trade from the 8th century and after. A traditional Borobudur ship with outriggers was reconstructed and sailed in this expedition from Jakarta to Madagascar and Ghana. [33]
Before the uniting of Madagascar, succession was based on the current monarch's designation of an heir, typically from among his or her own children. As such, the list below represents a direct genealogical line from the last 19th-century queen of Madagascar to some of the earliest known rulers identified in the 15th century or before.
Louis Léon Cambrézy was born in Cayeux-sur-Mer, in the Somme, northern France on 28 August 1874. [2] After his military service in 1894, he was assigned to the 13th Colonial Infantry Regiment and took part in the Second Madagascar expedition from 1895 to 1897.