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Big Hole National Battlefield preserves a battlefield in the western United States, located in Beaverhead County, Montana. In 1877, the Nez Perce fought a delaying action against the U.S. Army's 7th Infantry Regiment here on August 9 and 10, during their failed attempt to escape to Canada .
Map of Battle of the Big Hole. Between Gibbon's position and the Nez Perce encampment, which consisted of 89 tipis in a V-shaped pattern, was the waist-deep and willow-lined North Fork of the Big Hole River. Approaching the Nez Perce encampment on foot at dawn, Gibbon's men encountered an old Nez Perce man and killed him.
Nez Perce National Historical Park was established in 1965, and a museum was opened at the park headquarters in Spalding, Idaho, in 1983. The 38 discontiguous sites span three main ecoregions , covering a wide range of elevations and climate.
Big Hole is the only site in the Western United States. In 1890, Chickamauga and Chattanooga National Military Park was the first such site created by Congress . Originally these sites were maintained by the War Department , but were transferred to the National Park Service on August 10, 1933.
It is intended to be a complete list of the properties and districts on the National Register of Historic Places in Beaverhead County, Montana, United States. The locations of National Register properties and districts for which the latitude and longitude coordinates are included below, may be seen in a map. [1]
The site of the battle along the North fork of the Big Hole is preserved as the Big Hole National Battlefield. [ 6 ] The establishment of Butte, Montana as a mining center and the coming of the Northern Railroad in 1871 assured Big Hole ranchers and farmers of a steady market for their beef, horses, mules, hay and dairy products.
Map of the original Nez Perce Indian campaign [2] The trail ride follows where Chief Joseph led the Nimiipuu while fighting the U.S. Cavalry to prevent being put on a reservation. The trail goes through Washington, Idaho, Wyoming, Montana, and Canada. The trail begins in Wallowa Valley, Washington and ends in Bear Paw Mountains, Montana. [3]
This category is for national military parks, and similar designations of battlefields in the United States, managed by the National Park Service. As with all historic areas in the National Park System, these battle sites are automatically listed on the National Register of Historic Places .