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  2. Endergonic reaction - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Endergonic_reaction

    An endergonic reaction (such as photosynthesis) is a reaction that requires energy to be driven. Endergonic means "absorbing energy in the form of work." The activation energy for the reaction is typically larger than the overall energy of the exergonic reaction (1). Endergonic reactions are nonspontaneous.

  3. Bioenergetics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bioenergetics

    An endergonic reaction is an anabolic chemical reaction that consumes energy. [3] It is the opposite of an exergonic reaction. It has a positive ΔG because it takes more energy to break the bonds of the reactant than the energy of the products offer, i.e. the products have weaker bonds than the reactants.

  4. Exergonic and endergonic reaction - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exergonic_and_endergonic...

    For exergonic and endergonic reactions, see the separate articles: Endergonic reaction; Exergonic reaction; See also. Exergonic process; Endergonic; Exothermic process;

  5. Activation energy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Activation_energy

    The total free energy change of a reaction is independent of the activation energy however. Physical and chemical reactions can be either exergonic or endergonic, but the activation energy is not related to the spontaneity of a reaction. The overall reaction energy change is not altered by the activation energy.

  6. Metabolic pathway - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metabolic_pathway

    Thus, an input of chemical energy through a coupling with an exergonic reaction is necessary. [1]: 25–27 The coupled reaction of the catabolic pathway affects the thermodynamics of the reaction by lowering the overall activation energy of an anabolic pathway and allowing the reaction to take place.

  7. Carbohydrate metabolism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbohydrate_metabolism

    The gluconeogenesis pathway is highly endergonic until it is coupled to the hydrolysis of ATP or guanosine triphosphate (GTP), effectively making the process exergonic. For example, the pathway leading from pyruvate to glucose-6-phosphate requires 4 molecules of ATP and 2 molecules of GTP to proceed spontaneously.

  8. Biological carbon fixation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biological_carbon_fixation

    Cyanobacteria such as these carry out photosynthesis.Their emergence foreshadowed the evolution of many photosynthetic plants and oxygenated Earth's atmosphere.. Biological carbon fixation, or сarbon assimilation, is the process by which living organisms convert inorganic carbon (particularly carbon dioxide) to organic compounds.

  9. Basal metabolic rate - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basal_metabolic_rate

    Metabolism is the total of all catabolic, exergonic, anabolic, and endergonic reactions. Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is the intermediate molecule that drives the exergonic transfer of energy to switch to endergonic anabolic reactions used in muscle contraction. This is what causes muscles to work which can require a breakdown, and also to ...