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ATAPI (ATA Packet Interface) is a protocol used with the Parallel ATA (IDE) and Serial ATA standards so that a greater variety of devices can be connected to a computer than with the ATA command set alone.
Parallel ATA (PATA), originally AT Attachment, also known as Integrated Drive Electronics (IDE), is a standard interface designed for IBM PC-compatible computers.It was first developed by Western Digital and Compaq in 1986 for compatible hard drives and CD or DVD drives.
The ASPI manager software provides an interface between ASPI modules (device drivers or applications with direct SCSI support), a SCSI host adapter, and SCSI devices connected to the host adapter. The ASPI manager is specific to the host adapter and operating system ; its primary role is to abstract the host adapter specifics and provide a ...
In Windows 8, Windows 8.1 and Windows Server 2012, the controller driver has changed from msahci to storahci, [10] and the procedures to upgrade to the AHCI controller is similar to that of Windows 7. [11] On Windows 8, 8.1 and Windows Server 2012, changing from IDE mode to AHCI mode without first updating the registry will make the boot drive ...
The first version on Windows 95 was TAPI 1.4. TAPI 1.4 had support for 32-bit applications. The TAPI standard supports both connections from individual computers and LAN connections serving any number of computers. TAPI 2.0 was introduced with Windows NT 4.0. Version 2.0 was the first version on the Windows NT platform.
INT 13h is shorthand for BIOS interrupt call 13 hex, the 20th interrupt vector in an x86-based (IBM PC-descended) computer system.The BIOS typically sets up a real mode interrupt handler at this vector that provides sector-based hard disk and floppy disk read and write services using cylinder-head-sector (CHS) addressing.
Moving the HDD controller from the interface card to the disk drive helped to standardize the host/controller interface, reduce the programming complexity in the host device driver, and reduced system cost and complexity. The 40-pin IDE/ATA connection transfers 16 bits of data at a time on the data cable.
Drivers that may be vulnerable include those for WiFi and Bluetooth, [19] [20] gaming/graphics drivers, [21] and drivers for printers. [ 22 ] There is a lack of effective kernel vulnerability detection tools, especially for closed-source OSes such as Microsoft Windows [ 23 ] where the source code of the device drivers is mostly not public (open ...