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The South Sudanese wars of independence was the armed struggle for autonomy or independence of South Sudan from Sudan. Rebels in southern Sudan fought for greater self-determination against the central government of Sudan, which tried to suppress the uprising using the army and allied militias.
At midnight on 9 July 2011, southern Sudan became an independent country under the name "Republic of South Sudan". [21] On 14 July 2011, South Sudan became the 193rd member state of the United Nations [22] [23] and on 28 July 2011, South Sudan joined the African Union as its 54th member state. [24]
South Sudan (/ s uː ˈ d ɑː n,-ˈ d æ n /), officially the Republic of South Sudan, is a landlocked country in East Africa. [16] It is bordered on the north by Sudan; on the east by Ethiopia; on the south by the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Uganda and Kenya; and on the west by the Central African Republic. South Sudan's diverse ...
A referendum took place in Southern Sudan from 9 to 15 January 2011, [1] on whether the region should remain a part of Sudan or become independent. [2] [3] [4] The referendum was one of the consequences of the 2005 Naivasha Agreement between the Khartoum central government and the Sudan People's Liberation Army/Movement (SPLA/M).
Map of Sudan from 2011 with South Sudan independent. The history of Sudan refers to the territory that today makes up Republic of the Sudan and the state of South Sudan, which became independent in 2011. The territory of Sudan is geographically part of a larger African region, also known by the term "Sudan".
As of 2015 42 percent of South Sudan's budget is allocated to military and security expenditures. In the same year, only 35 percent of the teachers in South Sudan had a primary-level of education. [66] An additional obstacles students face is the forced recruitment into armed militias and state military.
South Sudanese voted overwhelmingly in favor of their independence from Sudan in January 2011, with 98.83% of voters reportedly preferring to split from the North. [13] On 9 July 2011, South Sudan became an independent state, with Kiir as its first president.
The South Sudanese Civil War was a multi-sided civil war in South Sudan fought from 2013 to 2020, between forces of the government and opposition forces. The Civil War caused rampant human rights abuses, including forced displacement, ethnic massacres, and killings of journalists by various parties.