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It found that of the 21 drugs with the highest therapeutic impact on society introduced between 1965 and 1992, public funding was "instrumental" for 15. [33] As of 2011 NIH-supported research helped to discover 153 new FDA-approved drugs, vaccines, and new indications for drugs in the 40 years prior. [34]
All NIH Institutes and Centers are involved with OSC in the design, implementation, and evaluation of Common Fund programs. [15] commonfund.nih.gov: Office of Technology Transfer: OTT manages the wide range of NIH and FDA intramural inventions as mandated by the Federal Technology Transfer Act and related legislation.
NIH deputy director [10] [11] 13 Bernadine Healy: April 8, 1991 - June 30, 1993 George H.W. Bush – Ruth L. Kirschstein: July 1, 1993 - November 22, 1993 Donna Shalala: NIH deputy director 14 Harold E. Varmus: November 23, 1993 - December 31, 1999 Bill Clinton – Ruth L. Kirschstein: January 1, 2000 - May 2, 2002 Donna Shalala: NIH deputy ...
The National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) is one of 27 institutes and centers that make up the National Institutes of Health (NIH). The NIH, in turn, is an agency of the United States Department of Health and Human Services and is the primary agency of the United States government responsible for biomedical and health-related research.
The history of Europe is traditionally divided into four time periods: prehistoric Europe (prior to about 800 BC), classical antiquity (800 BC to AD 500), the Middle Ages (AD 500–1500), and the modern era (since AD 1500). The first early European modern humans appear in the fossil record about 48,000 years ago, during the Paleolithic era.
NCI is the oldest and has the largest budget and research program of the 27 institutes and centers of the NIH ($6.9 billion in 2020). [7] It fulfills the majority of its mission via an extramural program that provides grants for cancer research.
As of 2016 it was the largest national clinical research funder in Europe. [6] In 2022 NIHR changed its name to National Institute for Health and Care Research in order to emphasise its role in social care research. [8]
The Cambridge Illustrated History of Medicine (2001) excerpt and text search excerpt and text search; Singer, Charles, and E. Ashworth Underwood. A Short History of Medicine (2nd ed. 1962) Watts, Sheldon. Disease and Medicine in World History (2003), 166pp online Archived 26 September 2017 at the Wayback Machine