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Female with a white-winged dove. The Callipepla gambelii birds are easily recognized by their top knots and scaly plumage on their undersides. Gambel's quail have bluish-gray plumage on much of their bodies, and males have copper feathers on the top of their heads, black faces, and white stripes above their eyes.
Female (left) and male. This quail is darkish brightly colored with a deep red bill and legs, eye-catching even in flight. The female has brick-red underpart and lacks the white throat and head stripe of the male. The male has a black face with a white supercilium and throat. These quail are typically found in a covey of 6 to 10 birds.
The California quail (Callipepla californica), also known as the California valley quail or Valley quail, is a small ground-dwelling bird in the New World quail family. These birds have a curving crest, plume or topknot made of six feathers, that droops forward: black in males and brown in females; the flanks are brown with white streaks.
The specific epithet coturnix is the Latin word for the common quail. [3] This species is now placed in the genus Coturnix that was introduced in 1764 by the French naturalist François Alexandre Pierre de Garsault. [4] [5] [6] The common quail was formerly considered to be conspecific with the Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica). [7]
The female is the more richly colored of the sexes. While the quail-plover is thought to be monogamous, Turnix buttonquails are sequentially polyandrous; both sexes cooperate in building a nest in the earth, but normally only the male incubates the eggs and tends the young, while the female may go on to mate with other males.
Scaled quail lay from 9 to 16 eggs; most clutches are 12 to 14 eggs. [15] Eggs are incubated by the female for 21 to 23 days. Double-brooding (the production of two consecutive broods in one season) is common. [15] In west Texas, Wallmo [16] observed the male rearing the first brood while the female began a second clutch.
The brown quail's wings produce a whistling noise when flushed, which is different from the whirring sound produced by the stubble quail's wings. [9] The plains-wanderer is a highly endangered native species that looks very similar to the stubble quail but can be distinguished by its long yellow legs that can be observed during flight. [ 2 ]