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Physiognomy of the melancholic temperament (drawing by Thomas Holloway, c.1789, made for Johann Kaspar Lavater's Essays on Physiognomy). Melancholia or melancholy (from Greek: µέλαινα χολή melaina chole, [1] meaning black bile) [2] is a concept found throughout ancient, medieval, and premodern medicine in Europe that describes a condition characterized by markedly depressed mood ...
18th-century depiction of the four temperaments: [1] phlegmatic and choleric above, sanguine and melancholic below The four temperament theory is a proto-psychological theory which suggests that there are four fundamental personality types: sanguine, choleric, melancholic, and phlegmatic.
Saudade [a] (English: / s aʊ ˈ d ɑː d ə /; [2] plural saudades) is a word in Portuguese and Galician denoting an emotional state of melancholic or profoundly nostalgic longing for a beloved yet absent someone or something.
The four temperaments clockwise from top left (sanguine; phlegmatic; melancholic; choleric) according to an ancient theory of mental states. In ancient Greece, disease was thought due to an imbalance in the four basic bodily fluids, or humors. Personality types were similarly thought to be determined by the dominant humor in a particular person.
"The melancholy Jaques", as he is known, is one of the exiled Duke Senior's noblemen who live with him in the Forest of Arden. Jaques takes no part in the unfolding of the plot, and confines himself to wry comment on the action and exchanges with his fellow characters. He has one of Shakespeare's best-known speeches, "All the world's a stage".
Image credits: Bettmann / gettyimages #3 Connie Converse. Elizabeth Eaton Converse, most commonly known by her stage name Connie, is often hailed as one of the first modern singer-songwriters, and ...
Very little is known of Dowland's early life, but it is generally thought he was born in London; some sources even put his birth year as 1563.Irish historian W. H. Grattan Flood claimed that he was born in Dalkey, near Dublin, [1] [b] but no corroborating evidence has been found either for that or for Thomas Fuller's claim that he was born in Westminster. [2]
Image credits: The Hollywood Reporter #12 R. Kelly. Former singer and record producer R. Kelly was sentenced to 20 years in prison in early 2023 for three charges of producing child sexual abuse ...