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Estimates put construction of a plant generating 30 million gallons of water per day at about $541.5 million, with a total cost of $757.5 million.
An additional $216 million in costs, to include among its items infrastructure for water distribution system integration and power transmission, were also identified that had not been incorporated ...
The British company’s Desalination and Membrane Treatment Centre of Excellence in California has a global installed membrane treatment capacity of 1,703 million liters per day , which is equal ...
The J.F. Shea Company and Kiewit Corporation constructed the plant. [23] The plant took nearly 14 years to permit, design, and build. [4] The total project cost was expected to reach near $1 billion; initial cost estimates ranged from $250 million in 2004 to $690 million in 2010. [24] The cost of construction was funded by bond sales. [6]
Desalination, which produces usable water from saline water, has a higher LCW than processing groundwater or surface water. A 2020 study found that advances in decarbonization would reduce the levelized cost of water produced via desalination from €2.4 per cubic meter in 2015 (US$2.84) to €1.05 per cubic meter in 2050 (US$1.24). [2]
where R is the gas constant (8.314 J mol −1 K −1), T the temperature (K), Φ v,fresh, the flow rate of the fresh water outflow (m 3 /s), C feed the concentration of ions in the feed water (mol/m 3) and C fresh the ion concentration in the fresh water outflow (mol/m 3) of the CDI cell.
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