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On 16 March, Hitler went to the Czech lands and from Prague Castle proclaimed the German protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia. The British historian Victor Rothwell wrote that the Czechoslovak reserves of gold and hard currency seized in March 1939 were "invaluable in staving off Germany's foreign exchange crisis". [21]
This part of the Czech lands did not include the Sudetenland, which mostly consisted of ethnic Germans and were directly annexed into the Reich. The Reich Protector, Konstantin von Neurath , remained titular head but was sent on "leave" because Hitler , Himmler , and Heydrich felt his "soft approach" to the Czechs had promoted anti-German ...
The creation of the document, officially the Declaration of Independence of the Czechoslovak Nation by its Provisional Government (Czech: Prohlášení nezávislosti československého národa zatímní vládou československou), was prompted by the imminent collapse of the Austro-Hungarian Empire, of which the Czech and Slovak lands had been ...
Czech nationalism: a study of the national theatre movement, 1845-83 (U of Illinois Press, 1964). Nolte, Claire. The Sokol in the Czech Lands to 1914: training for the nation (Springer, 2002). Paces, Cynthia Jean. "Religious images and national symbols in the creation of Czech identity, 1890-1938" (PhD thesis . Columbia University, 1998).
The eventual goal of the German state under Nazi leadership was to eradicate Czech nationality through assimilation, deportation, and extermination of the Czech intelligentsia; the intellectual elites and middle class made up a considerable number of the 200,000 people who passed through concentration camps and the 250,000 who died during ...
The dissolution of Czechoslovakia (Czech: Rozdělení Československa, Slovak: Rozdelenie Československa), which took effect on December 31, 1992, was the self-determined secession of the federal republic of Czechoslovakia into the independent countries of the Czech Republic (also known as Czechia) and Slovakia.
The Munich Agreement [a] was an agreement reached in Munich on 30 September 1938, by Nazi Germany, the United Kingdom, the French Republic, and Fascist Italy.The agreement provided for the German annexation of part of Czechoslovakia called the Sudetenland, where more than three million people, mainly ethnic Germans, lived. [1]
Sudeten German uprising (Czech: sudetoněmecké povstání) [Note 3] in September 1938 was a rebellion of Sudeten Germans against Czechoslovak authorities in Sudetenland, [14] supported by an organized action orchestrated by Sudeten German Party (SdP) chaired by Konrad Henlein.