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A typical Japanese high school classroom. Though upper-secondary school is not compulsory in Japan, 98.8% of all junior high school graduates enrolled as of 2020. [43] Upper secondary consists of three years. [44] Private upper-secondary schools account for about 55% of all upper-secondary schools.
The Fundamental Law of Education, as the name suggests, is a law concerning the foundation of Japanese education.Because it acts as the basis for the interpretation and application of various laws & ordinances regarding education, it is also known as "The Education Constitution" (教育憲法, kyōiku kenpō) [1] and "The Charter of Education" (教育憲章, kyōiku kenshō). [2]
Flag of Japan. Curriculum guidelines (学習指導要領, Gakushū shidō yōryō) is a standard issued by the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT) that specifies materials taught at all of elementary, junior and senior high schools in Japan, either public or private.
An elementary school class in Japan. In Japan, elementary schools (小学校, Shōgakkō) are compulsory to all children begin first grade in the April after they turn six—kindergarten is growing increasingly popular, but is not mandatory—and starting school is considered a very important event in a child's life.
In most schools, there are two types of extracurricular clubs, sports clubs and culture clubs. New students usually choose a club after the school year begins and only rarely change for the rest of their high school careers. [10] Clubs meet for two hours after school every day, and often during school vacations.
The Japanese government also sends full-time teachers to hoshū jugyō kō supplementary schools that offer lessons that are similar to those of nihonjin gakkō or those which each have student bodies of 100 students or greater. [10] In addition, MEXT subsidizes weekend schools which each have over 100 students. [11]
Education in Japan has many different ways of approaching their grading system.. Public schooling below the high school level is classified as compulsory education (義務教育, gimu-kyōiku), and every Japanese child is required to attend school until they pass middle school. [1]
Entry to Kōsen Colleges of Technology and technical high schools is at age 15 years. The kōsen basically provide five-years of training (although most provide the succeeding two-year course as well). For the graduates, transferring tracks are provided to universities and graduate schools.