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Blood clotting, or coagulation, is a vital process that prevents excessive bleeding when a blood vessel is injured. Two primary pathways, the intrinsic and extrinsic, initiate this process. The intrinsic pathway is triggered by internal damage to the blood vessel wall, whereas the extrinsic pathway is triggered by tissue cell trauma.
Haemophilia B, also spelled hemophilia B, is a blood clotting disorder causing easy bruising and bleeding due to an inherited mutation of the gene for factor IX, and resulting in a deficiency of factor IX. It is less common than factor VIII deficiency (haemophilia A). [3]
ICD-10 is the 10th revision of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD), a medical classification list by the World Health Organization (WHO). It contains codes for diseases, signs and symptoms, abnormal findings, complaints, social circumstances, and external causes of injury or diseases. [1]
The normal clotting process depends on the interplay of various proteins in the blood. Coagulopathy may be caused by reduced levels or absence of blood-clotting proteins, known as clotting factors or coagulation factors. Genetic disorders, such as hemophilia and Von Willebrand disease, can cause a reduction in clotting factors. [2]
Coagulation inhibitors are also consumed in this process. Decreased inhibitor levels will permit more clotting so that a positive feedback loop develops in which increased clotting leads to more clotting. At the same time, thrombocytopenia occurs and this has been attributed to the entrapment and consumption of platelets.
The disorder can lead to very significant bleeding during even minor surgical procedures and women afflicted with the disorder often suffer significant bleeding during and after giving child birth, higher rates of miscarriages, and menorrhagia, i.e. abnormally heavy bleeding during the menstrual period.
This fibrinogen interferes with normal blood clotting and/or lysis of blood clots. The condition therefore may cause pathological bleeding and/or thrombosis . [ 2 ] [ 3 ] [ 4 ] Acquired dysfibrinogenemia is a non-hereditary disorder in which fibrinogen is dysfunctional due to the presence of liver disease , autoimmune disease , a plasma cell ...
Human embryos in research can be regarded as the technical object/process. Missing blood clotting factors are replaced to treat haemophilia. [3] This may be done on a regular basis or during bleeding episodes. [3] Replacement may take place at home or in hospital. [16] The clotting factors are made either from human blood or by recombinant ...