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CT scan of bullous emphysema. When the subpleural bullae are significant, the emphysema is called bullous emphysema. Bullae can become extensive and combine to form giant bullae. These can be large enough to take up a third of a hemithorax, compress the lung parenchyma, and cause displacement.
The most common disease causing blebs or bullae is paraseptal emphysema though centrilobular emphysema may sometimes be involved. [1] Other conditions associated with lung bullae are: Alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency [6] Marfan syndrome [6] Ehlers–Danlos syndromes [6] Cocaine smoking [6] Sarcoidosis [6] HIV/AIDS [6] Intravenous substance abuse [6]
An axial CT image showing bullous emphysema of the lungs. There are larger air pockets on the right than left. Bullous emphysema is a condition seen in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The units making up the substructure of the lung (alveoli) become permanently enlarged due to the destruction of their walls.
Low magnification micrograph of pneumatosis intestinalis in bowel wall.. Pneumoperitoneum (or peritoneal emphysema), air or gas in the abdominal cavity.The most common cause is a perforated abdominal viscus, generally a perforated peptic ulcer, although any part of the bowel may perforate from a benign ulcer, tumor or abdominal trauma.
Bullectomy is a surgical procedure in which dilated air-spaces or bullae in lung parenchyma are removed. [1] Common causes of dilated air-spaces include chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and emphysema.
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It did show that malignant cavities are more likely than benign cavities to have an irregular internal wall (49% vs 26%) and have an indentation of the outer wall of the cavity (54% vs 29%). [5] Areas of emphysema are abnormal, air-filled spaces that usually do not have visible walls, [5] and bullae are very thin walled (<1 mm). [2]
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