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Union Of India, filed by R. C. Cooper, popularly known as the Bank Nationalization case, held that the Constitution guarantees the right to compensation, that is, the equivalent money of the property compulsorily acquired. The Court also held that a law which seeks to acquire or requisition property for public purposes must satisfy the ...
Furthermore, there was a great resentment against class banking in India, which had left the poor (the majority population) unbanked. [2] After becoming Prime Minister, Gandhi expressed the intention of nationalising the banks in a paper titled, "Stray thoughts on Bank Nationalisation" in order to alleviate poverty. [3]
The three banks were merged in 1921 to form the Imperial Bank of India, which upon India's independence, became the State Bank of India in 1955. For many years, the presidency banks had acted as quasi-central banks, as did their successors, until the Reserve Bank of India [5] was established in 1935, under the Reserve Bank of India Act, 1934 ...
He joined the Indian Audit and Accounts Service and worked in a number of roles. He played a key role in the nationalization of Indian banks. [6]A large chunk of his civil service years were spent in the banking division (later department) of the Union finance ministry as a key official who helped draft laws that led up to bank nationalisation and thereafter to a supervisory structure for ...
A 60% stake was taken by the Reserve Bank of India and the new bank was named State Bank of India. The seven other state banks became subsidiaries of the new bank in 1959 when the State Bank of India (Subsidiary Banks) Act, 1959 was passed by the Union government. [1]
1949 (1 January) Reserve Bank of India nationalised. [26] The Reserve Bank of India was state-owned at the time of Indian independence. 1953 Air India under the Air Corporations Act 1953. 1955 Imperial Bank of India and its subsidiaries (State Bank of India and its subsidiaries) 1969 Nationalization of 14 Indian banks.
On average, inflation in India had remained below 7% through the 1950s and 1960s. [25] But, it then accelerated sharply in the 1970s, from 5.5% in 1970–71 to over 20% by 1973–74, due to the international oil crisis. [24] Gandhi declared inflation the gravest of problems in 1974 (at 25.2%) and devised a severe anti-inflation program.
India's foreign exchange reserves are built through foreign capital inflows instead of a current account surplus like in the case of Russia or China. Additionally, the central bank is forced to raise interest rates in order to arrest some of the capital outflows hence reducing domestic demand and accompanying economic effects.