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The selective estrogen receptor modulator tamoxifen has been described as the foundation of targeted therapy. [13] Janus kinase inhibitors, e.g. FDA approved tofacitinib; ALK inhibitors, e.g. crizotinib; Bcl-2 inhibitors (e.g. FDA approved venetoclax, obatoclax in clinical trials, navitoclax, and gossypol. [14]
An example of an RNA aptamer therapy includes Pegaptanib (aka Macugen ® ), the only FDA-approved RNA aptamer treatment. [7] [8] [87] Originally approved in 2004 to treat age-related macular degeneration, Pegaptanib is a 28 nucleotide RNA aptamer that acts as a VEGF antagonist.
Schematic structure of an antibody–drug conjugate (ADC) Antibody–drug conjugates or ADCs are a class of biopharmaceutical drugs designed as a targeted therapy for treating cancer. [1] Unlike chemotherapy, ADCs are intended to target and kill tumor cells while sparing healthy cells. As of 2019, some 56 pharmaceutical companies were ...
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration on Thursday granted accelerated approval to Amgen's tarlatamab, a targeted immunotherapy for adults in the advanced stages of hard-to-treat small cell lung ...
By May 2012, anti-VEGF treatment with Avastin has been accepted by Medicare, is quite reasonably priced, and effective. Lucentis has a similar but smaller molecular structure to Avastin, and is FDA-approved (2006) for treating MacD, yet remains more costly, as is the more recent (approved in 2011) aflibercept (Eylea). Tests on these treatments ...
Antisense therapy is a form of treatment that uses antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs) to target messenger RNA (mRNA). ASOs are capable of altering mRNA expression through a variety of mechanisms, including ribonuclease H mediated decay of the pre-mRNA, direct steric blockage, and exon content modulation through splicing site binding on pre-mRNA. [1]
Cobimetinib or XL518, approved by US FDA in Nov 2015 for use in combination with vemurafenib (Zelboraf(R)), for treatment of advanced melanoma with a BRAF V600E or V600K mutation. Selumetinib , had a phase 2 clinical trial for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) which demonstrated an improvement in PFS, [ 5 ] and is now in phase III development ...
The first FDA-approved therapeutic monoclonal antibody was a murine IgG2a CD3 specific transplant rejection drug, OKT3 (also called muromonab), in 1986. This drug found use in solid organ transplant recipients who became steroid resistant. [39] Hundreds of therapies are undergoing clinical trials. Most are concerned with immunological and ...