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A paint thinner is a solvent used to dilute oil-based paints [1] [2] or varnish. In this context, to dilute is also known as to 'thin'. Paint thinners are diluents. Solvents labeled "paint thinner" are usually white or mineral spirits.
The choice of thinner should be guided by how fast the coating needs to set. Naphtha works well in spray-on applications in well-ventilated studios. Primary coats may be laid down at a 1:1 oil-to-thinner ratio, and successive layers, if not absorbed into the wood, at higher solvent to oil concentrations.
Xylene is a solvent that is often used in paints including spray paint and therefore found in many spray-painting environments. Xylene is a colorless and flammable liquid that is also a hazard to the wellbeing of many humans. [21] Xylene is harmful when exposed to human skin or, in more extreme cases, eyes, nose, and throat.
Most markers have alcohol-based solvents. Other types, called paint markers, contain volatile organic compounds which evaporate to dry the ink, and are similar to spray paint. Due to solvents such as toluene and xylene often being present in permanent markers, they have a potential for abuse as a recreational drug.
Types of diluents more familiar to the general public include paint thinner and nail polish thinner, both of which improve the consistency and applicability of the products to which they are added. Diluent is also used as a term in solvent extraction for an inert solvent in which a metal extraction agent ( extractant ) is dissolved.
White Spirit is a petroleum distillate used as a paint thinner and mild solvent. White spirit is an inexpensive petroleum-based replacement for the vegetable-based turpentine. It is commonly used as a paint thinner for oil-based paint and cleaning brushes, and as an organic solvent in other applications.
Volume solid is the term that indicates the solid proportion of the paint on a volume basis. For example, if the paint is applied in a wet film at a 100 μm thickness and the volume solid of paint is 50%, then the dry film thickness (DFT) will be 50 μm as 50% of the wet paint has evaporated.
Wall paint is a pseudoplastic material. [11] When modern wall paint is applied, the shear created by the brush or roller will allow it to thin and wet out the surface evenly. Once applied, the paint regains its higher viscosity, which avoids drips and runs.
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