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Section through railway track and foundation showing the sub-grade. Grading in civil engineering and landscape architectural construction is the work of ensuring a level base, or one with a specified slope, [1] for a construction work such as a foundation, the base course for a road or a railway, or landscape and garden improvements, or surface drainage.
Keyline design – Landscaping to optimize water usage; Land restoration – Process of restoring land to a different state; Grading (earthworks) – In civil engineering, creating a profile; Spoil tip – Pile built of accumulated spoil; Subgrade – Material underneath a road or track; Terrace (earthworks) – Terrain formed by tiered platforms
Drainage gradient (DG) is a term in road design, defined as the combined slope due to road surface cross slope (CS) and longitudinal slope (hilliness). Although the term may not be used, the concept is also used in roof design and landscape architecture. If the drainage gradient is too low, rain and melt water drainage will be insufficient.
A civil drawing, or site drawing, is a type of technical drawing that shows information about grading, landscaping, or other site details. These drawings are intended to give a clear picture of all things in a construction site to a civil engineer.
A site plan or a plot plan is a type of drawing used by architects, landscape architects, urban planners, and engineers which shows existing and proposed conditions for a given area, typically a parcel of land which is to be modified. Sites plan typically show buildings, roads, sidewalks and paths/trails, parking, drainage facilities, sanitary ...
Grade, pitch, and slope are important components in landscape design, garden design, landscape architecture, and architecture; for engineering and aesthetic design factors. Drainage, slope stability, circulation of people and vehicles, complying with building codes, and design integration are all aspects of slope considerations in environmental ...
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In a design, the gradation of the in situ (on site) soil often controls the design and ground water drainage of the site. A poorly graded soil will have better drainage than a well graded soil, [2] if it is not high in clay quality. Soil is graded as either well graded or poorly graded. [3]