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Etchmiadzin Cathedral [a] (Armenian: Էջմիածնի մայր տաճար, romanized: Ēǰmiaçni mayr tač̣ar) is the mother church of the Armenian Apostolic Church, located in the city dually known as Etchmiadzin (Ejmiatsin) and Vagharshapat, Armenia.
Etchmiadzin Cathedral in Vagharshapat (seat of the Mother See of Holy Etchmiadzin). Saint Gregory the Illuminator Cathedral in Yerevan (main cathedral of the capital Yerevan). Saint Mesrop Mashtots Cathedral of Oshakan (seat of the Diocese of Aragatzotn). Saint Sarkis Cathedral of Yerevan (seat of the Araratian Pontifical Diocese).
The Etchmiadzin Cathedral is the oldest church built by a state in the world. According to the 5th-century Armenian annals, Saint Gregory had a vision of Christ descending from heaven and striking the earth with a golden hammer to show where the cathedral should be built.
This lance, which supposedly pierced Jesus' side, can be found in Etchmiadzin Cathedral in Armenia. - Dean Conger/Corbis/Getty Images In fact, relics have been central to Christianity since the ...
Churches in Etchmiadzin (today called Vagharshapat) include the Etchmiadzin Cathedral (founded in 301, pictured), Saint Gayane Church (630), Saint Hripsime Church (618), and Shoghakat Church (built in 1694 upon a 4th-century chapel). The Zvartnots Church was built in the 7th century but destroyed in the 10th century, possibly due to an earthquake.
According to Movses Khorenatsi, the area of Vagharshapat was known as Artimed (Արտիմէդ), derived from the ancient Greek deity Artemis.Later, it was renamed Avan Vardgesi (Աւան Վարդգէսի, "Town of Vardges") or Vardgesavan (Վարդգէսաւան) by Prince Vardges Manouk who rebuilt the settlement near the shores of Kasagh River, during the reign of King Orontes I Sakavakyats ...
The original martyrium was destroyed by Sasanian king Shapur II and his Armenian Zoroastrian ally Meruzhan Artsruni c. 363, [15] along with Etchmiadzin Cathedral and other Christian sites. [16] Catholicos Sahak (Isaac) built a (new) chapel-martyrium in 395, which later historian Sebeos described as "too low and dark".
Archaeologists have unearthed the remains of an Armenian church dating back almost 2,000 years, making it the oldest structure of its kind in the country and one of the oldest in the world.