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Parkinson-plus syndromes (PPS) are a group of neurodegenerative [1] diseases featuring the classical features of Parkinson's disease (tremor, rigidity, akinesia/bradykinesia, and postural instability) with additional features that distinguish them from simple idiopathic Parkinson's disease (PD). Parkinson-plus syndromes are either inherited ...
When experiencing an intention tremor, one often overshoots or undershoots one's target, a condition known as dysmetria. [1] [2] Intention tremor is the result of dysfunction of the cerebellum, particularly on the same side as the tremor in the lateral zone, which controls visually guided movements. Depending on the location of cerebellar ...
Consequently, as global life expectancy has increased, Parkinson's disease prevalence has also risen, with an estimated increase in cases by 74% from 1990 to 2016. [237] The total number is predicted to rise to over 12 million patients by 2040. [238] Some label this a pandemic. [237]
Parkinson's disease patient showing a typical flexed walking posture in advanced stage. Signs and symptoms of Parkinson's disease are varied. Parkinson's disease affects movement, producing motor symptoms. [1] Non-motor symptoms, which include dysautonomia, cognitive and neurobehavioral problems, and sensory and sleep difficulties, are also ...
Parkinsonism is a clinical syndrome characterized by the four motor symptoms found in Parkinson's disease: tremor, bradykinesia (slowed movements), rigidity, and postural instability. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] Parkinsonism gait problems can lead to falls and serious physical injuries.
Dyskinesia can be anything from a slight tremor of the hands to an uncontrollable movement of the upper body or lower extremities. Discoordination can also occur internally especially with the respiratory muscles and it often goes unrecognized. [3] Dyskinesia is a symptom of several medical disorders that are distinguished by their underlying ...
Cerebellar tremor (also known as intention tremor) is a slow, broad tremor of the extremities that occurs at the end of a purposeful movement, such as trying to press a button or touching a finger to the tip of one's nose. In classic cerebellar tremor, a lesion on one side of the brain produces a tremor in that same side of the body that ...
The most common cause of Hypokinesia is Parkinson's disease, and conditions related to Parkinson's disease. Other conditions may also cause slowness of movements. These include hypothyroidism and severe depression. These conditions need to be carefully ruled out, before a diagnosis of Parkinsonism is made.