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The pastern is a part of the leg of a horse between the fetlock and the top of the hoof.It incorporates the long pastern bone (proximal phalanx) and the short pastern bone (middle phalanx), which are held together by two sets of paired ligaments to form the pastern joint (proximal interphalangeal joint).
Osteoarthritis (the endstage of degenerative joint disease) of the pastern or coffin joint is a very common cause of articular ringbone. Bone is then produced to try to immobilize the joint and to relieve the chronic inflammation of the joint capsule. This process may take years, and lameness will continue until the joint is completely immobilized.
Fetlock joint: the joint between the cannon bone and the pastern. Fetlock is the common name in horses, large animals, and sometimes dogs for the metacarpophalangeal and metatarsophalangeal joints (MCPJ and MTPJ). Although it somewhat resembles the human ankle in appearance, the joint is homologous to the ball of the foot.
Skeleton of the lower forelimb. Each forelimb of the horse runs from the scapula or shoulder blade to the third phalanx (coffin or pedal) bones. In between are the humerus (arm), radius (forearm), elbow joint, ulna (elbow), carpus (knee) bones and joint, large metacarpal (cannon), small metacarpal (splint), sesamoid, fetlock joint, first phalanx (long pastern), pastern joint, second phalanx ...
In horses and other odd-toed ungulates it is the third phalanx, or "P3"; in even-toed ungulates such as cattle, it is the third and fourth (P3 and P4). The coffin bone meets the short pastern bone or second phalanx at the coffin joint. [1] The coffin bone is connected to the inner wall of the horse hoof by a structure called the laminar layer.
When they pass over a joint, they are protected in a tendon sheath, which contains synovial fluid as a lubricant. Common digital extensor: the common digital extensor muscle becomes tendon in the bottom third of the radius and continues down the front of the leg. The tendon pulls upward to extend the carpal, pastern, and coffin joints.
Osselet is arthritis in the fetlock joint of a horse, caused by trauma. [1] Osselets usually occur in the front legs of the horse, because there is more strain and concussion on the fetlock there than in the hind legs. The arthritis will occur at the joint between the cannon bone and large pastern bone, at the front of the fetlock.
Chemical arthrodesis has the potential to damage the joint cartilage without fusing the joint, leading to increased pain and lameness. [119] Chemical arthrodesis is less successful when used in the pastern joint, and often surgical arthrodesis is preferred. [120]