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Maps of the region after the Treaty of San Stefano and the Congress of Berlin of 1878. The Great Powers, especially British Prime Minister Benjamin Disraeli, were unhappy with this extension of Russian power, and Serbia feared that the establishment of Greater Bulgaria would harm its interests in the former and remaining Ottoman territories.
Treaty of San Stefano: Ends the Russo-Turkish War (1877–78) between Russia and the Ottoman Empire. Treaty of Berlin (1878) Amends the Treaty of San Stefano. 1879 Treaty of Gandamak: Ends the first phase of the Second Anglo-Afghan War. 1881 Boundary treaty of 1881 between Chile and Argentina: Chile and Argentina define their boundary. Treaty ...
The 1879 Treaty of Constantinople was a further continuation of negotiations. It reaffirmed the provisions of the Treaty of San Stefano which had not been modified by the Berlin Treaty and established amounts of compensation that the Ottoman Empire owed to Russia for losses to businesses and institutions during the war.
1951 – Treaty of San Francisco – a peace treaty between the Allied Powers and Japan; ends the Pacific conflict of World War II; 1951 – Mutual Defense Treaty – alliance between the Republic of the Philippines and the United States of America; 1951 – Treaty of Security between the United States and Japan (updated 1960)
Patriarch Nerses Varzhapetian convinced Russians to insert Article 16 to Treaty of San Stefano, stipulating that the Russian forces occupying the Armenian-populated provinces in the eastern Ottoman Empire would withdraw only with the full implementation of reforms. Though not as explicit, Article 16 of the Treaty of San Stefano read:
The Treaty of Berlin that resulted from the conference reversed Russia's gains from the Treaty of San Stefano and provided the Austrians with compensation in the form of Bosnia. Despite Bismarck's attempts to play the role of an "honest broker" at the Congress of Berlin, Russo-German relations deteriorated following the conference.
In diplomatic history, the Eastern question was the issue of the political and economic instability in the Ottoman Empire from the late 18th to early 20th centuries and the subsequent strategic competition and political considerations of the European great powers in light of this.
Russia achieved significant success in a fairly short time, culminating in the Treaty of San Stefano, which gave full independence to Romania, Serbia and Montenegro. However, the main provision was the creation of a large Bulgarian state reaching from the Aegean Sea in the south to Lake Ohrid in the west. This development was met with dismay in ...