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Numerous organic compounds have other common names, often originating in historical source material thereof. The systematic IUPAC name is not always the preferred IUPAC name, for example, lactic acid is a common, and also the preferred, name for what systematic rules call 2-hydroxypropanoic acid.
Pentane is an organic compound with the formula C 5 H 12 —that is, an alkane with five carbon atoms. The term may refer to any of three structural isomers, or to a mixture of them: in the IUPAC nomenclature, however, pentane means exclusively the n-pentane isomer, in which case pentanes refers to a mixture of them; the other two are called isopentane (methylbutane) and neopentane ...
2 (C 2 H 5). Isopentane is a volatile and flammable liquid. It is one of three structural isomers with the molecular formula C 5 H 12, the others being pentane (n-pentane) and neopentane (2,2-dimethylpropane). Isopentane is commonly used in conjunction with liquid nitrogen to achieve a liquid bath temperature of −160 °C.
2-Methylpentane, trivially known as isohexane, is a branched-chain alkane with the molecular formula C 6 H 14. It is a structural isomer of hexane composed of a methyl group bonded to the second carbon atom in a pentane chain.
The optical center is the middle carbon of the pentane backbone, which is connected to one hydrogen atom, one methyl group, one ethyl group – C 2 H 5, and one isopropyl group – CH(CH 3) 2. The two enantiomers are denoted (3R)-2,3-dimethylpentane and (3S)-2,3-dimethylpentane (the other simplest chiral alkane is its structural isomer 3 ...
Pentyl is a five-carbon alkyl group or substituent with chemical formula-C 5 H 11.It is the substituent form of the alkane pentane.. In older literature, the common non-systematic name amyl was often used for the pentyl group.
2,2-Dimethylpentane can form a clathrate hydrate with helper gas molecules. The type of clathrate formed is called "clathrate H". 2,2-Dimethylpentane was the first compound for which the structure was determined. The clathrate has 34 molecules of water per molecule, and also has xenon and hydrogen sulfide as helper molecules.
Chemical nomenclature, replete as it is with compounds with very complex names, is a repository for some names that may be considered unusual. A browse through the Physical Constants of Organic Compounds in the CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (a fundamental resource) will reveal not just the whimsical work of chemists, but the sometimes peculiar compound names that occur as the ...