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After a few operations using ethanol, Moniz and Almeida Lima changed their technique and cut out small cores of brain tissue. They designed an instrument which they called a leucotome and called the operation a leucotomy (cutting of the white matter). [38] After twenty operations, they published an account of their work.
A lobotomy (from Greek λοβός (lobos) 'lobe' and τομή (tomē) 'cut, slice') or leucotomy is a discredited form of neurosurgical treatment for psychiatric disorder or neurological disorder (e.g. epilepsy, depression) that involves severing connections in the brain's prefrontal cortex. [1]
It is thought that it may be caused by the body's inflammatory response to surgery, stress hormone release during surgery, ischemia, or hypoxaemia. [5] [6] Post-operative cognitive dysfunction can complicate a person's recovery from surgery, delay discharge from hospital, delay returning to work following surgery, and reduce a person's quality ...
Vagus nerve stimulation can also increase the release of important brain chemicals such as serotonin and norepinephrine, which help regulate mood and are typically low in people with depression ...
For example, nowadays a neurosurgical team that performs the procedure can use an MRI to identify the location of the anterior and posterior commissures. This approach allows neurosurgeons to obtain a number of coronal images, which are then used to calculate the stereotactic coordinates of the target in the anterior cingulate cortex, where ...
Not long after, the seizures started up again and the family was told that Caper would need a second surgery to remove more pieces of his brain. “The first surgery had a 60% chance of giving him ...
The pain you’re feeling when you get brain freeze is actually from a layer of receptor cells in the outer covering of the brain, called the meninges. This is where the internal carotid artery ...
“The brain changes, and it doesn’t recover when you just stop the drug because the brain has been actually changed,” Kreek explained. “The brain may get OK with time in some persons. But it’s hard to find a person who has completely normal brain function after a long cycle of opiate addiction, not without specific medication treatment.”