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Diagram showing the relationship between the zenith, the nadir, and different types of horizon.Note that the zenith is opposite the nadir. The nadir [a] [b] is the direction pointing directly below a particular location; that is, it is one of two vertical directions at a specified location, orthogonal to a horizontal flat surface.
For this diagram, the 3-dimensional aspect of orbits have been flattened. For instance, the view of the Earth depicted is looking down to the North Pole which makes the orbit representations appear to be equatorial. While this is accurate for geostationary orbits, other orbits listed are actually at significant inclinations.
A diagram showing the five Lagrangian points in a two-body system with one body far more massive than the other (e.g. the Sun and the Earth). In such a system, L 3 –L 5 are situated slightly outside of the secondary's orbit despite their appearance in this small scale diagram.
English: A scale diagram showing earth and various orbits above it. Deutsch: Skalendiagramm der Erde und verschiedener Umlaufbahnen. Français : Diagramme échelle montrant la terre et des orbites.
A satellite or artificial satellite [a] is an object, typically a spacecraft, placed into orbit around a celestial body. They have a variety of uses, including communication relay, weather forecasting , navigation ( GPS ), broadcasting , scientific research, and Earth observation.
The first satellite placed in a geostationary orbit was Syncom 3, which was launched by a Delta D rocket in 1964. [14] With its increased bandwidth, this satellite was able to transmit live coverage of the Summer Olympics from Japan to America. Geostationary orbits have been in common use ever since, in particular for satellite television. [10]
(See Other moons of Earth and Quasi-satellite.) Mars has two known moons , Phobos and Deimos ("fear" and "dread", after attendants of Ares , the Greek god of war, equivalent to the Roman Mars). Searches for more satellites have been unsuccessful, putting the maximum radius of any other satellites at 90 m (100 yd).
A communications satellite is an artificial satellite that relays and amplifies radio telecommunication signals via a transponder; it creates a communication channel between a source transmitter and a receiver at different locations on Earth. Communications satellites are used for television, telephone, radio, internet, and military ...