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The heating value (or energy value or calorific value) of a substance, usually a fuel or food (see food energy), is the amount of heat released during the combustion of a specified amount of it. The calorific value is the total energy released as heat when a substance undergoes complete combustion with oxygen under standard conditions.
Gaseous fuels like methane have higher values than solid fuels like coal. Peat exhibits the lowest value of all common fuels. Thus methane has an HHV (Higher heating value) of 55.50 MJ/kg, the highest value of common fuels. Diesel fuel has an HHV value of 44.80 MJ/kg and anthracite coal a value of 32.50 MJ/kg.
The calorific value Q of coal [kJ/kg] is the heat liberated by its complete combustion with oxygen. Q is a complex function of the elemental composition of the coal [citation needed]. Q can be determined experimentally using calorimeters. Dulong suggests the following approximate formula for Q when the oxygen content is less than 10%:
LPG has a typical specific calorific value of 46.1 MJ/kg compared with 42.5 MJ/kg for fuel oil and 43.5 MJ/kg for premium grade petrol (gasoline). [14] However, its energy density per volume unit of 26 MJ/L is lower than either that of petrol or fuel oil, as its relative density is lower (about 0.5–0.58 kg/L, compared to 0.71–0.77 kg/L for ...
Specific energy is energy per unit mass, which is used to describe the chemical energy content of a fuel, expressed in SI units as joule per kilogram (J/kg) or equivalent units. [1] Energy density is the amount of chemical energy per unit volume of the fuel, expressed in SI units as joule per litre (J/L) or equivalent units. [2]
Exhaust flue gas generated by combustion of fossil fuels (In SI metric units and in US customary units) Combustion data Fuel gas Fuel oil Coal; Fuel properties: Gross caloric value, MJ/m 3: 43.01 Gross heating value, Btu/scf 1,093 Gross caloric value, MJ/kg 43.50 Gross heating value, Btu/gal : 150,000 Gross caloric value, MJ/kg 25.92
It was discovered that adding steam to the input air of a gas producer would increase the calorific value of the fuel gas by enriching it with CO and hydrogen (H 2) produced by water gas reactions. Producer gas has a very low calorific value of 3.7 to 5.6 MJ/m 3 (99 to 150 Btu/cu ft); because the calorific gases CO/H 2 are diluted with much ...
The calorific value of manufactured gas is around 500 Btu per cubic foot (18,629 kJ/m 3). Whereas, the calorific value of natural gas is twice that at around 1000 Btu per cubic foot (37,259 kJ/m 3). [3] For a given amount of heat only half the volume of natural gas is required.