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The foramen lacerum (Latin: lacerated piercing) is a triangular hole in the base of skull. It is located between 3 bones: sphenoid bone (forming the anterior border) [1]: 776 apex of petrous part of temporal bone (forming the posterolateral border) [1]: 776 [2] basilar part of occipital bone (forming the posteromedial border) [1]: 776
Foramen ovale (heart), an opening between the venous and arterial sides of the fetal heart; Foramen transversarium, one of a pair of openings in each cervical vertebra, in which the vertebral artery travels; Greater sciatic foramen, a major foramen of the pelvis; Interventricular foramen, channels connecting ventricles in the brain
Foramen ovale. The foramen ovale is an opening in the greater wing of the sphenoid bone. [1] The foramen ovale is one of two cranial foramina in the greater wing, the other being the foramen spinosum. [2]: 771 The foramen ovale is posterolateral to the foramen rotundum and anteromedial to the foramen spinosum.
Inferiorly: foramen lacerum, and the junction of the body and greater wing of sphenoid bone. Medially: pituitary gland (hypophysis cerebri), and sphenoidal air sinus. [3] Laterally: temporal lobe with uncus. Anteriorly: superior orbital fissure, and the apex of the orbit. Posteriorly: apex of petrous temporal bone.
The greater wings of the sphenoid are two strong processes of bone, which arise from the sides of the body, and are curved upward, laterally, and backward; the posterior part of each projects as a triangular process that fits into the angle between the squamous and the petrous part of the temporal bone and presents at its apex a downward-directed process, the spine of sphenoid bone.
The sphenoid bone [note 1] is an unpaired bone of the neurocranium. It is situated in the middle of the skull towards the front, in front of the basilar part of the occipital bone. The sphenoid bone is one of the seven bones that articulate to form the orbit. Its shape somewhat resembles that of a butterfly, bat or wasp with its wings extended.
The pterygoid canal (also vidian canal) is a passage in the sphenoid bone of the skull leading from just anterior to the foramen lacerum in the middle cranial fossa to the pterygopalatine fossa.
The petrosal process is a sharp process below the notch for the passage of the abducent nerve on either side of the dorsum sellae of the sphenoid bone.It articulates with the apex of the petrous portion of the temporal bone, and forms the medial boundary of the foramen lacerum.