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Progressive retinal atrophy (PRA) is a group of genetic diseases seen in certain breeds of dogs and, more rarely, cats. Similar to retinitis pigmentosa in humans, [1] it is characterized by the bilateral degeneration of the retina, causing progressive vision loss culminating in blindness.
One pupil is dilated and unreactive, while the other is normal (in this case, the right eye is dilated, while the left eye is normal in size). This could mean damage to the oculomotor nerve (cranial nerve number 3, CN III) on the right side, or indicate the possibility of vascular involvement. Both pupils are dilated and unreactive to light.
The onset of symptoms is 5 to 9 days after tick attachment, [16] and include incoordination progressing to paralysis, changed voice, and difficulty eating. Death can occur secondary to paralysis of the respiratory muscles, but in North America, a good prognosis results once the ticks are removed. Recovery is usually in 1 to 3 days. [1]
The ptosis from inactivation of the superior tarsal muscle causes the eye to appear sunken in, but when actually measured, enophthalmos is not present. The phenomenon of enophthalmos is seen in Horner's syndrome in cats, rats, and dogs. [5] Sometimes there is flushing on the affected side of the face due to dilation of blood vessels under the skin.
Related: Benadryl for Dogs: Side Effects of Long-Term Use. Signs of Benadryl Overdose in Dogs. At normal doses, Benadryl is quite safe, but a survey of over 600 dogs (1) found the following signs ...
Dilated cardiomyopathy is commonly called DCM for short, and it’s the second most common heart condition in dogs (after mitral valve disease). It’s thought to affect about one in 150 dogs but ...
Sighthounds are known to have prolonged recovery times from ultra short-acting thiobarbiturates such as thiopental. [170] Heat stroke can occur in dogs, especially in flat-faced breeds such as the Bulldog or in giant breeds. Breed, lack of water, exercise, and high ambient temperature predispose dogs to heat stroke.
Dogs spend anywhere from 12 to 14 hours a day sleeping. Sometimes they’re getting deep sleep, but they can also be dozing or taking lighter naps. That might seem a lot, humans only need eight to ...