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Second, the term "whole process democracy" was incorporated into Chinese law in March 2021. [3]: 60–61 The NPC passed the Decision on Amending the Organic Law of the NPC, which incorporated "adherence to whole process democracy." [3]: 60–61 The NPC viewed whole-process democracy as an area where it could make significant contributions.
Whole-process people's democracy is a primarily consequentialist view, in which the most important criterion for evaluating the success of democracy is whether democracy can "solve the people's real problems," while a system in which "the people are awakened only for voting" is not truly democratic. [42]
A direct democracy, or pure democracy, is a type of democracy where the people govern directly, by voting on laws and policies. It requires wide participation of citizens in politics. [ 4 ] Athenian democracy , or classical democracy, refers to a direct democracy developed in ancient times in the Greek city-state of Athens.
Athenian democracy – democracy in the Greek city-state of Athens developed around the fifth century BCE, making Athens one of the first known democracies in the world, comprising the city of Athens and the surrounding territory of Attica. It was a system of direct democracy, in which eligible citizens voted directly on legislation and ...
China: Democracy That Works (Chinese: 中国的民主 [1]; lit. 'China's Democracy') is a white paper issued by China's State Council Information Office on 4 December 2021. [ 2 ] [ 3 ] The white paper lays out various aspects of the Chinese political system , which it claims constitute a whole-process people's democracy .
In 2021, in response to the Summit for Democracy held by US president Joe Biden, the State Council of the People's Republic of China released a white paper called China: Democracy That Works which praised China's "whole-process democracy", said that "there are many ways to achieve democracy" and disparaged American democracy as "performative." [55]
Federalist No. 10 is an essay written by James Madison as the tenth of The Federalist Papers, a series of essays initiated by Alexander Hamilton arguing for the ratification of the United States Constitution. It was first published in The Daily Advertiser (New York) on November 22, 1787, under the name "Publius". Federalist No. 10 is among the ...
This is opposed to the idea of freedom as the capacity to "begin anew", which Arendt sees as a corollary to the innate human condition of natality, or our nature as "new beginnings and hence beginners". [20] In Arendt's view, political action is an interruption of automatic process, either natural or historical.