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However, linguists have had a hard time establishing the precise relationship of the Baltic languages to other languages in the Indo-European family. [34] Several of the extinct Baltic languages have a limited or nonexistent written record, their existence being known only from the records of ancient historians and personal or place names.
Lithuanian is one of two living Baltic languages, along with Latvian, and they constitute the eastern branch of the Baltic languages family. [77] An earlier Baltic language, Old Prussian, was extinct by the 18th century; the other Western Baltic languages, Curonian and Sudovian, became extinct earlier.
Western Aukštaitian – most similar to standard Lithuanian – preserves both the diphthongs and the vowels. It is further subdivided into two sub-dialects: The Kaunas sub-dialect is spoken mostly in Suvalkija. This sub-dialect separates long and short vowels pretty well and properly stresses word endings.
Distribution of the Baltic tribes, circa 1200 CE (boundaries are approximate). The Curonian language (German: Kurisch; Latvian: kuršu valoda; Lithuanian: kuršių kalba), or Old Curonian, was a Baltic language spoken by the Curonians, a Baltic tribe who inhabited Courland (now western Latvia [2]: 291–293 [1] and northwestern Lithuania [3]).
The East Baltic languages are a group of languages that along with the extinct West Baltic languages belong to the Baltic branch of the Indo-European language family. The East Baltic branch primarily consists of two extant languages—Latvian and Lithuanian. Occasionally, Latgalian and Samogitian are viewed as distinct languages, though they ...
[14] [4] [15] There is a general consensus that the Baltic languages can be divided into East Baltic (Lithuanian, Latvian) and West Baltic (Old Prussian). The internal diversity of Baltic points at a much greater time-depth for the breakup of the Baltic languages in comparison to the Slavic languages. [3] [16] "Traditional" Balto-Slavic tree model
The Institute of the Lithuanian Language conducts scientific research on the standard Lithuanian language, Baltic languages and proper names, written heritage, geolinguistics, terminology and sociolinguistics; develops and fosters Lithuanian as a state language: addresses the issues of language standardization, performs linguistic expertise; participates in the formation of the strategy and ...
To change this template's initial visibility, the |state= parameter may be used: {{Baltic languages | state = collapsed}} will show the template collapsed, i.e. hidden apart from its title bar. {{Baltic languages | state = expanded}} will show the template expanded, i.e. fully visible.