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Umbilical cord length – A short umbilical cord (<30 cm) can affect the foetus in that foetal movements can cause cord compression, constriction, and rupture. A long umbilical cord (>72 cm) can affect the foetus depending on the way the foetus interacts with the cord. [26]
The umbilical cord is significantly shortened. As a consequence, the developing spine and limbs are contorted, leading to scoliosis and limb defects. [1] LBWC can be diagnosed by prenatal ultrasound as early as gestational week 11. [8]
Occasionally, during pregnancy, there is a single umbilical artery (SUA) present in the umbilical cord, as opposed to the usual two. [1] This is sometimes also called a two-vessel umbilical cord, or two-vessel cord. Approximately, this affects between 1 in 100 and 1 in 500 pregnancies, making it the most common umbilical abnormality.
The findings suggest deferred clamping of the umbilical cord likely reduced the risk of death in premature babies by a third, compared to immediate clamping. ... short deferral (15-45 seconds ...
Short umbilical cord [12] Premature rupture of membranes [8] Prolonged rupture of membranes (>24 hours). [11] Thrombophilia [10] Polyhydramnios [8] Multiparity [10] Multiple pregnancy [10] Maternal age: pregnant women who are younger than 20 or older than 35 are at greater risk
The embryo is surrounded by the thin membranes of the amniotic sac, the umbilical cord is seen in the center, attaching the embryo to the placenta. The umbilical cord develops from and contains remnants of the yolk sac and allantois. It forms by the fifth week of development, replacing the yolk sac as the source of nutrients for the embryo. [2]
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A nuchal cord is when the umbilical cord becomes wrapped around the fetus's neck. [1] Symptoms present in the baby shortly after birth from a prior nuchal cord may include duskiness of face, facial petechia, and bleeding in the whites of the eye. [1] Complications can include meconium, respiratory distress, anemia, and stillbirth. [1]