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Osmotic dehydration is the process of soaking food in highly concentrated solutions of humectant. Salt and sugar are commonly used humectants for this process. Water diffusion from the food to the humectant solution is caused by osmotic pressure. The water is replaced by the humectant, which results in a lowered water activity for the food ...
In food science, water activity (a w) of a food is the ratio of its vapor pressure to the vapor pressure of water at the same temperature, both taken at equilibrium. [1] Pure water has a water activity of one. Put another way, a w is the equilibrium relative humidity (ERH) expressed as a fraction instead of as a percentage.
Processed foods are relatively simple food products produced by adding processed culinary ingredients (group 2 substances) such as salt or sugar to unprocessed (group 1) foods. [ 2 ] Processed foods are made or preserved through baking , boiling , canning , bottling, and non-alcoholic fermentation.
Brining is typically a process in which meat is soaked in a salt water solution similar to marination before cooking. [2] Meat is soaked anywhere from 30 minutes to several days. The brine may be seasoned with spices and herbs. The amount of time needed to brine depends on the size of the meat: more time is needed for a large turkey compared to ...
Salt (sodium chloride) is the primary ingredient used in meat curing. [10] Removal of water and addition of salt to meat creates a solute-rich environment where osmotic pressure draws water out of microorganisms, slowing down their growth. [10] [11] Doing this requires a concentration of salt of nearly 20%. [11]
Meat water holding capacity (WHC) refers to the ability of meat to retain moisture including moisture inherent to the muscle tissue and any fluids that may be added to the meat during processing. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] The WHC characteristic corresponds to meat juiciness and meat tenderness .
This is important to note, because it means that you want to cook your steak 5 to 10 degrees under your ideal final temperature, as the meat will continue to cook while resting.
In cooking, reduction is the process of thickening and intensifying the flavor of a liquid mixture, such as a soup, sauce, wine or juice, by simmering or boiling. [1] Reduction is performed by simmering or boiling a liquid, such as a stock, fruit or vegetable juice, wine, vinegar or sauce, until the desired concentration is reached by ...