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The first diagrammatic map of London's rapid transit network was designed by Harry Beck in 1931. [1] [2] He was a London Underground employee who realised that because the railway ran mostly underground, the physical locations of the stations were largely irrelevant to the traveller wanting to know how to get from one station to another; only the topology of the route mattered.
Although the Circle and Hammersmith & City lines station at Paddington is on the other side of the main line station to the Bakerloo, Circle and District lines station, it is shown as a single station on the current Tube map, but still counted as two in the official station count. It has been shown as two separate stations at different times in ...
[97] [98] The project involved rebuilding and expanding several central Underground stations including Tottenham Court Road and Whitechapel. [97] [99] By increasing rail capacity, the line aims to reduce overcrowding on the Tube and cut cross-London journey times. [99] The railway opened as the Elizabeth line in May 2022. [97]
His first independent station designs were for the four new stations on the Bakerloo line extension from Edgware Road Underground station opened in 1913 and 1915; the first stations on the system designed specifically to use escalators rather than lifts.
The railway infrastructure of the London Underground includes 11 lines, with 272 stations.There are two types of line on the London Underground: services that run on the sub-surface network just below the surface using larger trains, and the deep-level tube lines, that are mostly self-contained and use smaller trains.
The Hammersmith & City line is a London Underground line that runs between Hammersmith in west London and Barking in east London. Coloured pink on the Tube map, it serves 29 stations over 15.8 miles (25.5 km).
The world's first underground railway, it opened on 10 January 1863 with gas-lit wooden carriages hauled by steam locomotives. The line operated at a frequency of three trains per hour, rising to four trains per hour during the peak periods. [4] [5] [6] In the 1871 plans for an underground railway in Paris, it was called the Métropolitain. [7]
Transport for London (TfL) is a local government body responsible for most of the transport network in London, United Kingdom. [2]TfL is the successor organization of the London Passenger Transport Board, which was established in 1933, and several other bodies in the intervening years.