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The durability design of reinforced concrete structures has been recently introduced in national and international regulations. It is required that structures are designed to preserve their characteristics during the service life, avoiding premature failure and the need of extraordinary maintenance and restoration works.
3 Code of Practices for plain and reinforced concrete etc. IS 456 – 2000 4 Methods of sampling and analysis of concrete IS 1199 – 1959 5 Recommended Guide Lines for Concrete Mix Design IS 10262 – 1982 (F) Curing Compound; 1 Standard test method for water retention & daylight reflection test on concrete. ASTM-C-156809
Reinforced concrete, also called ferroconcrete, is a composite material in which concrete's relatively low tensile strength and ductility are compensated for by the inclusion of reinforcement having higher tensile strength or ductility.
Large crack-widths (greater than 0.3 mm) permit ingress of moisture and chemical attack to the concrete, resulting in possible corrosion of reinforcement and deterioration of concrete. Therefore, thick covers defeat the very purpose for which it is provided. There is a need for judicious balance of cover depth and crack width requirements.
Arching or compressive membrane action (CMA) in reinforced concrete slabs occurs as a result of the great difference between the tensile and compressive strength of concrete. Cracking of the concrete causes a migration of the neutral axis which is accompanied by in-plane expansion of the slab at its boundaries.
Oz, who has been criticized for promoting false and misleading claims about health and science, is Trump's pick to lead the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services.
Crosby, 27, has 6 1/2 sacks this season, tied for the sixth-highest total in the league. He's also tied for the league lead in tackles for loss with 10.
Because the actual bond stress varies along the length of a bar anchored in a zone of tension, most international codes of specifications [2] [3] [4] use the concept of development length rather than bond stress. The same concept applies to lap splice length mentioned in the codes where splices (overlapping) provided between two adjacent bars ...