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Map of southern Africa, 1855, with the Orange River Sovereignty circled. The Orange River Sovereignty (1848–1854; Afrikaans: Oranjerivier-soewereiniteit) was a short-lived political entity between the Orange and Vaal rivers in Southern Africa, a region known informally as Transorangia. In 1854, it became the Orange Free State, and is now the ...
The Orange River Convention (sometimes also called the Bloemfontein Convention; Afrikaans: Bloemfontein-konvensie) was a convention whereby the British formally recognised the independence of the Boers in the area between the Orange and Vaal rivers, which had previously been known as the Orange River Sovereignty.
Henry Douglas Warden (2 February 1800 – 2 December 1856) was a British Resident of the Orange River Sovereignty from 1848-1852, bought the farm Bloemfontein from Johannes Nicolaas Brits. He went to the Cape in 1819 and was sent to Natal in 1842, where he participated in the siege of Congela. Four years later he was appointed magistrate of the ...
On 8 March 1848 (), Sir Harry Smith issued a proclamation to activate a militia for the Sovereignty. From this, three military districts, namely Bloemfontein, Caledon River and Winburg, were formed. From this, three military districts, namely Bloemfontein, Caledon River and Winburg, were formed.
With his brother he moved to the Orange River Sovereignty for surveying work, and was elected in 1853 to stand against the departure of British control over the sovereignty. He then became a citizen (or "burgher") of the resulting Orange Free State. He was elected as a representative in the Volksraad (parliament) of the Orange Free State and ...
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With the Orange River Sovereignty. In 1858, Smithfield was a frontier town between the Sovereignty and the Basotho. It was therefore involved in the Basotho Wars and ...
Following the British defeat at the Battle of Viervoet in 1851 and the Battle of Berea in December 1852 it became clear that the limited financial and military resources available to the British in Orange River Sovereignty that they struggled to maintain control of the boundaries in this territory.