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The Year 1812, Solemn Overture, Op. 49, popularly known as the 1812 Overture, [1] is a concert overture in E ♭ major written in 1880 by Russian composer Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky. The piece commemorates Russia 's successful defense against the French invasion of the nation in 1812.
During the Soviet era, authorities altered Tchaikovsky's music (such as the 1812 Overture and Marche Slave), substituting other patriotic melodies, such as the "Glory" chorus from Mikhail Glinka's opera A Life for the Tsar, for "God Save the Tsar". [1]
The overture finishes with a virtuoso coda for the full orchestra. The piece is frequently paired in performance with Tchaikovsky's " 1812 Overture ," which also quotes "God Save the Tsar." In Russia, during the Soviet era , the imperial anthem was replaced in both pieces with the chorus " Glory, Glory to you, holy Rus'!
Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky quotes "La Marseillaise" in his 1812 Overture (1880), representing the invading French Army under Napoleon (although it had not been the French national anthem at that time), and it is drowned out by cannon fire, symbolizing the Russian defense at the Battle of Borodino. [33]
Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky wrote many works well-known to the general classical public, including Romeo and Juliet, the 1812 Overture, and the ballets Swan Lake, The Sleeping Beauty and The Nutcracker. These, along with two of his four concertos , three of his symphonies and two of his ten operas, are among his most familiar works.
The 1812 overture complete with cannon fire was performed at the 2005 Classical Spectacular Among the other works, Capriccio Italien is a travelogue of the composer's time there during his years of wandering and a conscious emulation of the Mediterranean episodes in Glinka's Spanish Overtures. [ 49 ]
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Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky's 1812 Overture contains a sample of God Save the Tsar!, the national anthem of the Russian Empire. However, during the Soviet era, this part was replaced with a sample of Slavsya. After the dissolution of the Soviet Union, the sample of the imperial anthem was restored.