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Green algae have chloroplasts that contain chlorophyll a and b, giving them a bright green colour, as well as the accessory pigments beta carotene (red-orange) and xanthophylls (yellow) in stacked thylakoids. [12] [13] The cell walls of green algae usually contain cellulose, and they store carbohydrate in the form of starch. [14]
Chlamydomonas reinhardtii is a single-cell green alga about 10 micrometres in diameter that swims with two flagella.It has a cell wall made of hydroxyproline-rich glycoproteins, a large cup-shaped chloroplast, a large pyrenoid, and an eyespot apparatus that senses light.
Diagram of the plant cell, with the cell wall in green. Cell walls serve similar purposes in those organisms that possess them. They may give cells rigidity and strength, offering protection against mechanical stress. The chemical composition and mechanical properties of the cell wall are linked with plant cell growth and morphogenesis. [11]
Chlamydomonas (/ ˌ k l æ m ɪ ˈ d ɒ m ə n ə s,-d ə ˈ m oʊ-/ KLAM-ih-DOM-ə-nəs, -də-MOH-) is a genus of green algae consisting of about 150 species [2] of unicellular flagellates, found in stagnant water and on damp soil, in freshwater, seawater, and even in snow as "snow algae". [3]
The content of the cell divides into 2,4 (B), 8(C) sometimes daughter protoplasts. Each daughter protoplast rounds off to form a non-motile spore. These autospores (spores having the same distinctive shape as the parent cell) are liberated by the rupture of the parent cell wall (D). On release each autospore grows to become a new individual.
Symbiochloris reticulata consists of single, spherical or slightly ellipsoidal cells 4-13(-15) μm in diameter. The cells have a parietal chloroplast which is net-like in structure. Asexual reproduction occurs by the formation of four or eight (sometimes 16) autospores , which are released by the rupture of the parent cell wall .
Chlorella is a genus of about thirteen species of single-celled green algae of the division Chlorophyta. The cells are spherical in shape, about 2 to 10 μm in diameter, and are without flagella. Their chloroplasts contain the green photosynthetic pigments chlorophyll-a and -b.
Desmodesmus species usually produce colonies of more than one cell, but single cells (unicells) may be found as well. [5] These single cells may be confused with Lagerheimia, a genus of single-celled algae. [6] The cell wall of Desmodesmus consists of an outer layer with a net-like structure, with "rosettes" of tubes underneath. [7]