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The Kaaba is a cuboid-shaped structure made of stones. It is approximately 15 m (49 ft 3 in) high with sides measuring 12 m (39 ft 4 in) × 10.5 m (34 ft 5 in) wide [89] (Hawting states 10 m (32 ft 10 in). [90] Inside the Kaaba, the floor is made of marble and limestone. The interior walls are clad with tiled, white marble halfway to the roof ...
According to Al-Azraqi, Hubal was the primary deity housed in the Kaaba of Mecca before the time of Muhammad. Similarly, Al-Kalbi identifies Hubal as the main god of the Quraysh . Archaeologically, just one Nabataean inscription mentions 'Hubal', as an epithet for the god Dushara .
A typical Kaaba building is shaped like a cube or block and functions as a place for the devotees of a particular god or goddess to worship in. [1] [2] The name "Kaaba" was used by ancient Arabians to describe and label these sites because of their resemblance to the Kaaba at Mecca and the purpose of doing pilgrimage to them.
Dhul Khalasa is a god worshipped by the Bajila and the Khath'am tribes, and was reportedly worshipped as a "god of redemption". His temple became known as the Kaaba of Yemen. Attested: Dhu Samawi: Dhu Samawi, literally "the Heavenly One", is a god who probably originated from northern Arabia, but also found worship in south Arabia.
The Kaaba was originally intended as a symbolic house for the one monotheistic God. However, according to Islamic mythology, after Ibrahim's death, people started to fill the Kaaba with "pagan idols". When Muhammad conquered Mecca after his exile, he removed the idols from the Kaaba. [83] [84] The inside of the Kaaba is now empty. [85]
The Black Stone was held in reverence well before Islam. It had long been associated with the Kaaba, which was built in the pre-Islamic period and was a site of pilgrimage of Nabataeans who visited the shrine once a year to perform their pilgrimage. The Kaaba held 360 idols of the Meccan gods.
The main god in Ma'in and Himyar was 'Athtar, in Qataban it was Amm, and in Hadhramaut it was Sayin. [86] 'Amm was a lunar deity and was associated with the weather, especially lightning. [87] One of the most frequent titles of the god Almaqah was "Lord of Awwam". [88] Anbay was an oracular god of Qataban and also the spokesman of Amm. [89]
This practice could be found among pre-Islamic Christian, Jewish, and other populations unaffiliated with either one of the two Abrahamic religions at the time. Monotheism became a widespread religious trend in pre-Islamic Arabia in the fourth century, when it began to quickly supplant the polytheism that had been the common form of religion ...