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In aviation, a variometer – also known as a rate of climb and descent indicator (RCDI), rate-of-climb indicator, vertical speed indicator (VSI), or vertical velocity indicator (VVI) – is one of the flight instruments in an aircraft used to inform the pilot of the rate of descent or climb. [1]
Refusal speed is the maximum speed during takeoff from which the air vehicle can stop within the available remaining runway length for a specified altitude, weight, and configuration. [19] Incorrectly, or as an abbreviation, some documentation refers to V ref and/or V rot speeds as "V r ."
vertical speed indicator: VSM Vertical separation limit VSO Stall speed in landing configuration VSV variable stator vane In a turbine engine VSWR Voltage–standing wave ratio VTA VFR terminal area chart [1] VTOL vertical take-off and landing [1] V/TRK Vertical track VVI vertical velocity indicator: Same as VSI VX Speed for best angle of climb VY
The machmeter is used to show the ratio of true airspeed in relation to the speed of sound. Most supersonic aircraft are limited as to the maximum Mach number they can fly, which is known as the "Mach limit". The Mach number is displayed on a machmeter as a decimal fraction. [4] A vertical speed indicator
In aeronautics, the rate of climb (RoC) is an aircraft's vertical speed, that is the positive or negative rate of altitude change with respect to time. [1] In most ICAO member countries, even in otherwise metric countries, this is usually expressed in feet per minute (ft/min); elsewhere, it is commonly expressed in metres per second (m/s).
The pilot then begins applying down elevator until the vertical speed indicator reads 500 feet per minute, starting the cycle over. In this way, stabilizing vertical speed can be difficult due to constantly variable airspeed. In a controls sense, the oscillation is the result of reduced phase margin induced by the lag of the pilot's response.
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If a separate display replaces the HSI, it is called the navigation display. The PFD displays all information critical to flight, including calibrated airspeed, altitude, heading, attitude, vertical speed and yaw. The PFD is designed to improve a pilot's situational awareness by integrating this information into a single display instead of six ...