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The modern toilet utilises a cistern to reserve and hold the correct amount of water required to flush the toilet bowl. In earlier toilets, the cistern was located high above the toilet bowl and connected to it by a long pipe. It was necessary to pull a hanging chain connected to a release valve located inside the cistern in order to flush the ...
A flush toilet (also known as a flushing toilet, water closet (WC); see also toilet names) is a toilet that disposes of human waste (i.e., urine and feces) by collecting it in a bowl and then using the force of water to channel it ("flush" it) through a drainpipe to another location for treatment, either nearby or at a communal facility.
It consists of a valve connected to a hollow, sealed float by means of a lever mounted near the top of the tank. The float is often ball-shaped, hence the name ballcock . The valve is connected to the incoming water supply , and is opened and closed by the lever which has the float mounted on the end.
A sewer pipe is normally at neutral air pressure compared to the surrounding atmosphere.When a column of waste water flows through a pipe, it compresses air ahead of it in the system, creating a positive pressure that must be released so it does not push back on the waste stream and downstream traps, slow drainage, and induce potential clogs.
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There are also dual-flush toilets that use a siphon valve operated by a lever rather than buttons, with a ≤ 6L full flush, and a ≤ 3L half-flush if the flush handle is held down [8] or released immediately after flushing. [9] Tipping bucket. The tipping bucket cistern can operate in a dual flush mode when the lever is rotated halfway 2.5/5 ...
Ballcock: often used as a water level controller (cistern) Bibcock: provides a connection to a flexible hosepipe; Blast valve: prevents rapid overpressuring in a fallout shelter or a bunker; Boston valve: three-part two-port check valve used on inflatable boats, air mattresses, airbeds etc.; available in two sizes, normal and small
New York City, which then extended to a stockade which ran approximately north–southeast from today's Chambers Street and Broadway, is visible beyond the southern shore. Until the eighteenth century, New York City solely depended on primitive means, such as wells and rainwater reservoirs to collect water for daily use.