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In economics, factors of production, resources, or inputs are what is used in the production process to produce output—that is, goods and services. The utilized amounts of the various inputs determine the quantity of output according to the relationship called the production function .
Organisms that rely on light energy to fix carbon, and thus participate in primary production, are referred to as photoautotrophs. [6] Photoautotrophs exists across the tree of life. Many bacterial taxa are known to be photoautotrophic such as cyanobacteria [7] and some Pseudomonadota (formerly proteobacteria). [8]
Factors of production is included in the JEL classification codes as JEL: D33 Wikimedia Commons has media related to Factors of production . The main article for this category is Factors of production .
The production functions listed below, and their properties are shown for the case of two factors of production, capital (K), and labor (L), mostly for heuristic purposes. These functions and their properties are easily generalizable to include additional factors of production (like land, natural resources, entrepreneurship, etc.)
Gross primary production (GPP) is the amount of chemical energy, typically expressed as carbon biomass, that primary producers create in a given length of time.Some fraction of this fixed energy is used by primary producers for cellular respiration and maintenance of existing tissues (i.e., "growth respiration" and "maintenance respiration").
In cellular biology, P-bodies, or processing bodies, are distinct foci formed by phase separation within the cytoplasm of a eukaryotic cell consisting of many enzymes involved in mRNA turnover. [1] P-bodies are highly conserved structures and have been observed in somatic cells originating from vertebrates and invertebrates, plants and yeast.
If the production set Y can be represented by a production function F whose argument is the input subvector of a production vector, then increasing returns to scale are available if F(λy) > λF(y) for all λ > 1 and F(λy) < λF(y) for all λ<1. A converse condition can be stated for decreasing returns to scale.
In biology and ecology, a resource is a substance or object in the environment required by an organism for normal growth, maintenance, and reproduction. Resources can be consumed by one organism and, as a result, become unavailable to another organism. [1] [2] [3] For plants key resources are light, nutrients, water, and space to grow.