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  2. Open collector - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_collector

    Open emitter output exposes the emitter as the output. [2] For an NPN open emitter output, the collector is connected to the positive voltage rail, so the emitter outputs a high voltage when the transistor is on and is hi-Z when off. For a PNP open emitter output, the collector is connected to the low voltage supply, so the emitter outputs a ...

  3. Switched-mode power supply - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Switched-mode_power_supply

    In contrast, a linear power supply regulates the output voltage by continually dissipating power in the pass transistor. The switched-mode power supply's higher electrical efficiency is an important advantage. Switched-mode power supplies can also be substantially smaller and lighter than a linear supply because the transformer can be much smaller.

  4. Common collector - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Common_collector

    The transistor continuously monitors V diff and adjusts its emitter voltage to equal V in minus the mostly constant V BE (approximately one diode forward voltage drop) by passing the collector current through the emitter resistor R E. As a result, the output voltage follows the input voltage variations from V BE up to V +; hence the name ...

  5. Wired logic connection - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wired_logic_connection

    Open-emitter buffers connected as wired OR. See also: Diode logic § Active-high OR logic gate. The wired OR connection electrically performs the Boolean logic operation of an OR gate using open emitter or similar inputs (which can be identified by the ⎏ symbol in schematics) connected to a shared output with a pull-down resistor. This gate ...

  6. Common emitter - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Common_emitter

    The common-emitter circuit is the most widely used of junction transistor amplifiers. As compared with the common-base connection, it has higher input impedance and lower output impedance. A single power supply is easily used for biasing. In addition, higher voltage and power gains are usually obtained for common-emitter (CE) operation.

  7. Bipolar transistor biasing - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bipolar_transistor_biasing

    Emitter bias. When a split supply (dual power supply) is available, this biasing circuit is the most effective. It provides zero bias voltage at the emitter or collector for load. [clarification needed] The negative supply V ee is used to forward-bias the emitter junction through R e. The positive supply V cc is used to reverse-bias the ...

  8. Low-dropout regulator - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Low-dropout_regulator

    Low-dropout (LDO) regulators operate similarly to all linear voltage regulators.The main difference between LDO and non-LDO regulators is their schematic topology.Instead of an emitter follower topology, low-dropout regulators consist of an open collector or open drain topology, where the transistor may be easily driven into saturation with the voltages available to the regulator.

  9. Current source - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Current_source

    Resistor, R1, supplies the Zener current and the base current (I B) of NPN transistor (Q1). The constant Zener voltage is applied across the base of Q1 and emitter resistor, R2. Voltage across R 2 (V R2) is given by V Z − V BE, where V BE is the base-emitter drop of Q1. The emitter current of Q1 which is also the current through R2 is given by

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