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The moons of the trans-Neptunian objects (other than Charon) have not been included, because they appear to follow the normal situation for TNOs rather than the moons of Saturn and Uranus, and become solid at a larger size (900–1000 km diameter, rather than 400 km as for the moons of Saturn and Uranus).
For the giant planets, the "radius" is defined as the distance from the center at which the atmosphere reaches 1 bar of atmospheric pressure. [11] Because Sedna and 2002 MS 4 have no known moons, directly determining their mass is impossible without sending a probe (estimated to be from 1.7x10 21 to 6.1×10 21 kg for Sedna [12]).
Highest Lowest Highest Lowest Highest Lowest Sun: N/A 5,000,000 K In a solar flare [33] 1240 K In a sunspot [34] Mercury: 3 kilometres (1.9 mi) Caloris Montes, northwest Caloris Basin rim mountains [35] [36] 723 K Dayside of Mercury [37] 89 K Permanently shaded polar craters [38] Venus: 11 kilometres (6.8 mi) Maxwell Montes, Ishtar Terra [39 ...
In physics, gravity (from Latin gravitas 'weight' [1]) is a fundamental interaction primarily observed as mutual attraction between all things that have mass.Gravity is, by far, the weakest of the four fundamental interactions, approximately 10 38 times weaker than the strong interaction, 10 36 times weaker than the electromagnetic force and 10 29 times weaker than the weak interaction.
Astronomers have long hypothesized that as a protostar grows to a size beyond 120 M ☉, something drastic must happen. [2] Although the limit can be stretched for very early Population III stars, and although the exact value is uncertain, if any stars still exist above 150–200 M ☉ they would challenge current theories of stellar evolution .
The gravity g′ at depth d is given by g′ = g(1 − d/R) where g is acceleration due to gravity on the surface of the Earth, d is depth and R is the radius of the Earth. If the density decreased linearly with increasing radius from a density ρ 0 at the center to ρ 1 at the surface, then ρ ( r ) = ρ 0 − ( ρ 0 − ρ 1 ) r / R , and the ...
To understand Einstein's equations as partial differential equations, it is helpful to formulate them in a way that describes the evolution of the universe over time. This is done in "3+1" formulations, where spacetime is split into three space dimensions and one time dimension. The best-known example is the ADM formalism. [174]
1 billion light years 10 25 meters Sloan Great Wall — 1.3 billion light years 1.3 × 10 25 meters Gigaparsec — 3.3 billion light years 3.3 × 10 25 meters Distance to the Hubble Deep Field — 12.7 billion light years 1.27 × 10 26 meters Observable universe: 1.4 × 10 26 meters 93.4 billion light years 9.34 × 10 26 meters Estimated size ...